پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 30 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 467 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,522 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 7,145,272 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,334,962 |
ارزیابی اثرات زیست‌محیطی خزش شهری در روند توسعه شهر (مطالعه موردی: شهر رشت) | ||
| مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری | ||
| دوره 8، شماره 26، فروردین 1400، صفحه 30-55 اصل مقاله (606.47 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/usfs.2021.3117 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نیما حاجتی ضیابری1؛ رسول صمدزاده* 2؛ حسین نظم فر3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 05 اسفند 1399، تاریخ پذیرش: 05 اسفند 1399 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رشد جمعیت شهرهای ایران بعد از انقلاب اسلامی با افزایش چشمگیری مواجه شد و این افزایش در طی دو دهه اخیر به حدی بوده است که شهرها با شیوه‌های مختلفی رشد و تکامل یافتند. یکی از مسائل حائز اهمیت در این ارتباط، توسعه بی‌رویه فیزیکی شهرهاست که با تراکم پایین و به‌صورت پراکنده اتفاق افتاده و به مشخصه ظاهری بسیاری از شهرها در جهان تبدیل شده است. این مسئله امروزه به شکل خزش شهری نمود پیدا کرده و موضوع بسیاری از پژوهش‌ها قرار گرفته است. شهر رشت نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نیست و به دلیل چندنقشی بودن آن در سطح منطقه و استان، در مقایسه با سایر شهرها رشد کالبدی نامناسبی را شاهد بوده است که مهم‌ترین ویژگی آن خزش شهر به سمت و سوی سطح اراضی پیرامون محدوده قانونی شهر بوده است. بر این اساس، هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی اثرات زیست‌محیطی خزش شهر رشت در روند توسعۀ زمانی‌ـ فضایی است. در تحقیق حاضر، برای ارزیابی اثرات زیست‌محیطی خزش شهری در شهر رشت، از روش ماتریس ارزیابی اثرات سریع (RIAM) استفاده شده است که به منظور ثبت اثرات ناشی از احداث ساخت و سازهای مسکونی و غیرمسکونی بر چهار محیط فیزیکی‌ـ شیمیایی، اکولوژیکی‌ـ بیولوژیکی، اجتماعی‌ـ فرهنگی و اقتصادی‌ـ فنی استفاده شد. در ادامه 26 عامل در چهار محیط مذکور انتخاب شد و با استفاده از ماتریس RIAM، اثرات این عوامل بر خزش شهری شناسایی شد. تحلیل ماتریس RIAM نشان داد که 87/83 درصد از عوامل دارای اثرات منفی و تنها 13/16 درصد دارای اثرات مثبت بودند. بر این اساس، توریسم، فعالیت‌های کشاورزی، تنوع زیستی، فون و گونه‌های جانوری و آلودگی آب‌های سطحی بیشترین اثرات منفی را بر خزش شهری دارند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| توسعه کالبدی؛ خزش شهری؛ ماتریس RIAM؛ پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی؛ شهر رشت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Environmental Impact of Urban Sprawl in the Urban Development Trend (Case study: Rasht city) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nima Hajati Ziabari1؛ Rasoul Samadzadeh2؛ Hossein Nazmfar3 | ||
| 1PhD Candidate of Geography, University of Islamic Azad, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Geography, University of Islamic Azad, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 3Professor of Geography, University of Islamic Azad, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Population growth in Iranian cities has increased dramatically since the Islamic Revolution, and this growth has been such that over the last two decades cities have evolved in a variety of ways: horizontal growth, vertical growth, urban sprawl, and suburbia. The city of Rasht has not been exception from the rule, and due to its role in the region and province, compared to other cities in the region, Rasht has seen poor physical growth. The most important feature of this growth was the sprawl of the city towards and around the legal boundaries of the city. Accordingly, the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the environmental impacts of the city’s sprawl on the spatio-temporal development process. This applied research with a descriptive-analytical approach focused on documentary and field data and used the Quantitative Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) model. The results show that various indices such as abandonment of wasteland, expansion of informal housing, housing cooperatives, integration of suburban villages, and urban development plans have contributed to the unbalanced spatial development of Rasht. RIAM matrix analysis showed that 83.87% of the area around Rasht had negative environmental effects resulting from urban sprawl and only 16.13% of environmental components had positive environmental effects | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Physical Development, Urban Sprawl, RIAM Matrix, Environmental Consequences, Rasht | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahadnezhad, M., Ahmadi, L., Shami, A. & Heidari T. (2013) A Study on the Process of Brownfield Redevelopment with an Emphasis on the Change in Density and Land Uses Case Study: The old Texture’s North of Zanjan (1375-1388), Geoghraphical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal8, 99-119. (In Persian). Ahmadi, T. (2013) The effects of urban sprawl on the environmental system of the city and its surroundings (Case study: Karaj city), M.Sc. Thesis, Kordestan University. (In Persian).
Aliakbari, A. (2017) Internal Development: Capacities and Needs of Growth Management and Spatial Rearrangement of Tehran Metropolis, Journal of Geography, 53, 55-72. (In Persian).
Azimi, N., Zali, N. & Azadeh, S. (2016) Analysis of the Patterns of Physical Development of Iranian Cities According to Population, Natural and Physical Variables, Journal of Human Geography Research, 3, 461-473. (In Persian).
Barresi, A., & Pultrone, G., (2013). European strategies for smarter cities. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 6, 61-72.
Bhat, Parvaiz A., ul Shafiq, Mifta., Mir, Abaas A., & Ahmed, Pervez., (2017). Urban sprawl and its impact on landuse / land cover dynamics of Dehradun City, India, International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 6, 513–521.
Barry, K., & Lee, D., (2013). Measuring sprawl across the Urban Rural continuum using an amalgamated sprawl index. Journal of Sustainability. 5, 1806-1828.
Cilliers, S., du Toit, M., Cilliers, J., Drewes, E., & Retief, F., (2014). Sustainable urban landscapes: South African perspectives on transdisciplinary possibilities. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 125, 260-270.
Fakhrahmad, S., Pourjafar, M. & Taghvaei, A. (2008) Intra-city development planning, methods and necessities (Case study: Gachsaran City), Journal of Hoviat shahr, 2, 57-67. (In Persian).
Gargiulo, C., Zucaro, F., (2015). Smartness and urban resilience. A model of energy saving. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 8, 81-102.
Hansen, E., Hereford, A., Boettner, F., & Zegre, S., (2010). Plants Not Pipes: Promoting Green Infrastructure and its Side Benefits in Region VI, Downstream Strategies, and building capacity for sustainability, www.downstreamstrategies.com,105.
Izadi, M.S. & Amiri, N. (2016) Internal development, concordant, balanced and stable pattern to develop and promote the urban quality, planning for redevelopment of urban military land, Bagh-e Nazar Journal, 41, 35-46. (In Persian).
Jalalian, H., zeaiean, P., Darouei, P. & Karimi, K. (2015) An analysis of urban sprawl and land use alterations (A Comparative study of Isfahan and Urmia), Journal of Physical Development Planning, 4, 73-98. (In Persian).
Junijie, Wu., (2008), Landuse Changes: Economic social and Environmental impacts choices and the agricultural & Applied Economics. Journal of CHOICES, 24, 28-32.
Kamran, H., Varesi, H., Parizadi, T. & Hoseini, A. (2011) Investigating the role of physical development plans in urban sprawl through a passive defense approach (Case study: Sanandaj City), Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 17, 179-209. (In Persian).
Khila, R., Shawn, B., & Eric L., (2017). Urban hypotheses and spatiotemporal characterization of urban growth in the Treasure Valley of Idaho USA. Applied Geography, 79, 11-25.
Liu, Yong ., Fan, Peilei., Yue, Wenze & Song, Yan., (2018). Impacts of land finance on urban sprawl in China: The case of Chongqing, Land Use Policy Journal, 72, 420-432.
Madani, S., Moghadami, S., Abedinzadeh, N. & Malmasi, S. (2016) Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process to Compare Simple and Modified RIAM methods (Case study: Environmental Impact Assessment of Tiam Steel Plants), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1, 45-59. (In Persian).
Markku, K., Ijäs, Asko., Kuitunen, & Jalava, Kimmo., (2010). Developing the RIAM method (rapid impact assessment matrix) in the context of impact significance assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 30, 82–89.
Mavadat, A., Maleki, S. & Momeni, K. (2017) Assessment and Evaluation the Spatial Structure and Urban Creep (Case Study: Yazd City), Journal of Urban Social Geography, 2, 151-175. (In Persian).
Mirzaei, M., Salman, A. & Mirkarimi, S. (2016) Site Selection of Compost Plant Alternatives Using Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (Case Study: Compost Plant of Golpayegan City), Journal of Geographical Researches, 1, 101-115. (In Persian).
Nedaei, S. & Bagheri, B. (2017) Defining the Sprawl Phenomenon in Metropolitan Areas (Case study: Shiraz Metropolitan Area), Journal of Geography and Development, 47, 185-212. (In Persian).
Pastakia, C. M., & Jensen, A. (1998). The rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) for EIA. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 18(5), 461-482.
Polidoro, M., de Lollo, J. A., & Barros, M. V. F. (2011). Environmental impacts of urban sprawl in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 5(2), 73-83.
Poor Mohammadi, M. R. & Jamekasra, M. (2011), An analysis of the unbalanced development pattern of Tabriz, Geographical Researches Quarterly Journal, 100, 31-54. (In Persian).
Rahnama, M. & Abaszadeh, G. (2006) A comparative study and analyzing compactness/sprawl ratio In the metropolitan cities of Mashah and Sydney, Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 6, 101-128. (In Persian).
Rahnama, M. & Rezaeian, B (2015) Measuring the distribution and density of the metropolis of Iran by using quantitative models, Journal of Arid Regions Geographic Studies, 16, 87-107. (In Persian).
Seifoddini, F., Ziari, K., purahmad, A. & Nikpour, A. (2012) Explanation of Dispersion and Compactness of Urban Form In Amol City, Considering Sustainable Urban Form,Journal of Human Geography Research, 80, 155-176. (In Persian).
Shafiei, N. & Khasksar, S. (2017) Ecological-environmental consequences of urban sprawl in rural settlements around the Hamedan city, Journal of environmental sciences, 3, 55-74. (In Persian).
Sharafi, S., Makhdum, M. & Ghafourian, M. (2008) Assessing the environmental effects of the construction of a car factory by the overlay method (Case study: Construction of a car factory in the west of Takestan), Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4, 27-42. (In Persian).
Shariat, M. & Monavari, M. (2008) Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Protection Agency Publications. (In Persian).
Shaykh, R. & Akbarian, S. (2018) Urban Sprawl, Annexation of Village to City, and Analysis of Effects and Outcomes from the Viewpoints of Residents (Case Study: Villages Annexed to Shiraz Metropolis, Journal of Human Geography Research, 3, 591-608. (In Persian).
Shi, Y., Sun. X., Zhu, X., Li, Y., & Mei, L., (2012). Characterizing growth types and analyzing growth density distribution in response to urban growth patterns in peri-urban areas of Lianyungang City, Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 105, 425-433
Tian, Li., Yongfu, Li., Yaqi, Yan. & Boyi Wang., (2017). Measuring urban sprawl and exploring the role planning plays: A shanghai case study, Land Use Policy Journal, 67, 426-435.
Varesi, H., Rajaei, A. & Ghanbari, M. (2009) An analysis of Gonabad City physical growth using Entropy and Holdern Model, Journal of Town and Country Planning, 6, 79-100. (In Persian).
Yazdani, M., Eshghi, A. & Aftab, A. (2017) The need for internal development planning with an emphasis on urban sustainability (Case study: Maragheh city), Journal of Spatial Planning, 2, 97-116. (In Persian)
Zarabi, A., Saberi, A., Mohamadi, J. & Varesi, H. M. (2011) Spatial Analysis of smart city (A case study if Esfahan), Journal of Human Geographical Researches, 77, 1-18. (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 641 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 701 |
||