پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 30 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 467 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,519 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 7,144,849 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,334,662 |
ارزیابی طرح توانمندسازی سکونتگاههای غیررسمی از بعد کیفیت محیطی از منظر ساکنان ( نمونه ی موردی: محلات حاشیه نشین شهر همدان) | ||
| مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 30، فروردین 1401، صفحه 255-279 اصل مقاله (921.1 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/usfs.2021.3522 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد معتقد1؛ حسن سجادزاده* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه طراحی شهری دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 08 دی 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1400 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رشد روزافزون جمعیت شهری،گسترش فقر و مهاجرت، شکل گیری پدیده حاشیه نشینی در شهرها را گسترش داده است. در مواجهه با این پدیده، فعالیت ها و اقدامات مختلفی در کشورهای گوناگون از نادیده گرفتن، تخلیه، تخریب و تا نهایتاً ارتقاء و توانمندسازی این محلات صورت گرفته است. این پژوهش بر آن است تا از منظر کیفیت محیطی و براساس نقطه نظرات ساکنین، نسبت به ارزیابی طرح پیشنهادی و اجراء شده توانمندسازی محله حاشیه نشین خضر شهر همدان، اقدام نماید . براساس مطالعات نظری و میدانی مهمترین شاخص ها و معیارهای مورد سنجش در ارتباط با کیفیت محیطی شامل: ابعاد کارکردی، انسانی، کیفیت مراقبت، سلامت محیطی و مکانی می باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی و شیوة جمع آوری داده ها به روش پیمایشی بوده و از ابزار پرسش نامه برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شده است. از طریق فرمول کوکران، تعداد 360 نفر با توجه به جامعه آماری درنظر گرفته شده است. برای بررسی سطح معناداری معیار های پنج گانه و زیر معیارهای آن ها و همچنین تحلیل یافته ها با روش تحلیل آماری از دستگاه SPSS و آزمون های فریدمن، همبستگی اسپیرمن، واریانس یکطرفه، آزمون تی و همچنین من ویتنی استفاده شده است. ارزیابی ساکنان نسبت به طرح توانمدسازی محله نشان از رابطه مستقیم بین ابعاد کارکردی، انسانی و کیفیت مراقبت با کیفیت محیطی سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی حکایت دارد. درحالی که وجود خدمات تجاری متنوع در سطح محله و همچنین ارتباطات اجتماعی بالای افراد در محله از جمله رویکردهای مثبت طرح توانمندسازی محله خضر اشاره شده است، لکن، ایجاد فضاهای عمومی مناسب، ارتقاء خدمات تفریحی و فرهنگی و همچنین ایجاد زیرساخت های فضای سبز، از جمله مواردی می باشد که معمولا در طرح های توانمندسازی سکونت گاه های غیر رسمی کمتر بدان توجه شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| توانمندسازی؛ ارزیابی؛ سکونتگاه غیر رسمی؛ کیفیت محیطی؛ محله خضر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Residents’ Evaluation of the Plan to Empower Informal Settlements in Terms of Environmental Quality: A Case Study on Khezr Neighborhood in Hamedan City | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohamd Motaghed1؛ Hasan Sajadzadeh2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student of Urban Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Architecture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The growing urban population and the resulting challenges as well as the spread of poverty and migration have caused the formation of the phenomenon of marginalization in cities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implemented plan from the perspective of environmental quality and based on the opinion of residents. Indicators and criteria to be measured regarding the environmental quality of this settlement include functional, human, preservation quality, environmental quality and spatial health. Through Cochran's formula, 360 statistical samples have been chosen from the statistical community. The research method was descriptive-analytical and the data was collected through survey method and using questionnaires. To evaluate the significance level of the five criteria and their sub-criteria and analyze the findings in the SPSS Software, Friedman test, one-way Spearman correlation and t-test as well as Mann-Whitney test were used. The results show a direct relationship between functional, human and preservation quality and the environmental quality of the informal settlements. The results also indicated the existence of high-quality commercial services, high communication between the people in the neighborhood and protection of positive and efficient features in the neighborhood had the most priorities. Moreover, in the fields of creating urban planning and architectural spaces, creating and developing recreational and cultural services as well as green space infrastructure must be properly planned. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Empowerment, Evaluation, Informal Settlement, Environmental Quality, Kheer Neighborhood | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al Daily, W. Parrott,K. and Stephenson,M.(2013). "The Role of Land Tenure, Property Rights and Social Discrimination in the Informal Community Housing Crisis in Sana’a, Yemen," Journal of Housing Education and Research Association (HERA),13(2), 27-30.
Andersson, K. and Ackerman, J. (2008). From Local Strongman to Facilitator: Institutional Incentives for Participatory Municipal Governance in Latin America. Journal of Comparative Political Studies, 40(9),1085-1111.
Beall, J., Fox, S., (2009). Cities and Development. (3th Ed.). Abingdon: Sage Publication.
Bolay, J.-C. (2006). Slums and urban development: Questions on society and globalisation. The European. Journal of Development Research, 18(2), 284–298.
Bonaiuto, M.,Fornara, F., Bonnes, M.(2003). Indexes of perceived residential environment quality and neighbourhood attachment in urban environments: a confirmation study on the city of Rome. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning ,65,41–52.
Brown, A.L. (2003), Increasing the utility of urban environmental quality information, Journal of Landscape and Urban planning 65, 85-93.
Byambadorj, T., Amati, M., & Ruming, K. J. (2011). Twenty-first century nomadic city: Ger districts and barriers to the implementation of the Ulaanbaatar city master plan. Journal of Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 52(2), 165–177.
Castello, L. (2010). Rethinking the Meaning of Place Conceiving Place in Architecture-Urbanism. (1th Ed.). Brazil. Sage Publication.
Chatterji, R. (2005). Plans, habitation and slum redevelopment: The production of community in Dharavi, Mumbai. Journal of Indian Sociology, 39(2), 197–218.
Cheema, G. (1993). The challenege of Urban management: some issues. In: Developing Countries. (4th Ed.). The United Nations University, Tokyo. Sage Publication.
Chen, J., John, R., Sun, G., Fan, F., Henebry, G., Fernández-Giménez. (2018). Prospects for the Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems (SES) on the Mongolian Plateau: Five Critical Issues. . Journal of Environmental Research Letters, 13(1), 14.
Cities Alliance, (2015). The Ethiopia Urbanization Review: Urban Institutions for a Middle- Income (English). The World Bank Group, Washington, D.C.
Cobbett, W. (2013). How cities can get rid of slums by supporting them. Journal of Informal City Dialogues, 22(2),57-68.
Cohen, B., (2006). Urbanization in developing countries : Current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Journal of Technol. 28, 63–80.
Dovey, K. (2012). Informal urbanism and complex adaptive assemblage. Journal of International Development Planning Review, 34(4), 349–368.
Fan, P., Chen, J., & John, R. (2016). Urbanization and environmental change during theeconomic transition on the Mongolian plateau: Hohhot and Ulaanbaatar. Journal of Environmental Research, 144(B), 96–112.
Fekade, W. (2000). Deficits of formal urban land management and informal responses under rapid urban growth, an international perspective. Journal of Habitat International, 24(2),127–150.
Flores-Fernandez, R. (2011). Physical and spatial characteristics of slum territoriesvulnerable to natural disasters. Journal of Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est, 44, 5–22.
Gharakhlou,M.,Mireh,M. (2007), social empowerment solution to marginalization of Sheikh-e Qom, Journal of Islamic Azad University, 2(3), 111-126. (In Persian)
Griffith, C. (2013). Agricultural land change in the Carpathian ecoregion after the breakdown of socialism and expansion of the European. Journal of Environmental Research Letters, 8(4),117-156.
Inostroza, L. (2017). Informal urban development in Latin American urban peripheries: Spatial assessment in Bogotá, Lima and Santiago de Chile. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 165, 267–279.
Kasarda, J. D., & Crenshaw, E. M. (1991). Third world urbanization: Dimensions, theories, and determinants. Journal of Annual Review of Sociology, 17(1), 467–501.
Kesalkheh, S., & Dadashpoor, H. (2012), “Assessment Residential Environmental Quality of Traditional and New Neighborhoods”, in a Rapid Grown City, Tehran: 1-11.
Kohli, D., Sliuzas, R., Kerle, N., & Stein, A. (2012). An ontology of slums for image-based classification. Journal of Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 36(2), 154–163.
Kretzman, J. & McKnight, J. (1997), Capacity Inventories: Mobilizing the community skills of local residents. (3th Ed.). Chicago . Sage Publication.
Kuffer, M., Pfeffer, K., & Sliuzas, R. (2016). Slums from space—15 years of slum mapping using remote sensing. Journal of Remote Sensing, 8(6), 455.
Marx, B., Stoker, T., & Suri, T. (2013). The economics of slums in the developing world. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(4), 187–210.
Narayan, D., (2002), empowerment and poverty reduction: A Sourcebook, the word bank. (6th Ed.). Washington.DC. Sage Publication.
Nassar. J. (2015). “Advances in Environmental Psychology”. Journal of Behavioral sciences.12(3), 384-387.
Ott W. R. ; “Environmental indices: Theory and practice”; Ann Arbor : Ann Arbor Science Publishers, p: 371, 1978.
Pacione, M.(2003). Urban environmental quality and human wellbeinga social geographical perspective. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 65,1-2.
Park, H., Fan, P., John, R., & Chen, J. (2017). Urbanization on the Mongolian plateau after economic reform: Changes and causes. Journal of Applied Geography, 86, 118–127.
Porteous, J.D.(1971),”Design with People-the Quality of the Urban Environment”. Environmental and Behavior. No. 3, pp.155–178
Rafieian, M., Moloudi, J. (2011). Approaches and methods of measuring the quality of urban residential environment. (1th Ed.). Azarakhsh. Tehran. Sage Publication. (In Persian)
Rafieian, M., Amin Salehi, F., Taqvaee,A. (2010). Environmental Quality Assessment in Ekbatan Town, Journal of Humanities - Space Planning and Planning, Volume 14, Number 4, 63-85. (In Persian)
Rafieian, M., Seif al-Dini, F. (2005), Strategies for organizing informal urban housing and intervention program in Bandar Abbas. Journal of Engineering Sciences, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16, 19- 55. (In Persian)
Salehi Amiri, R., Khodaei, Z. (2010). Characteristics and Consequences of Informal Settlement and Urban Suburbanization Case Study: Tehran Metropolis. Journal of Social Issues,1(3), 65-80. (In Persian)
Shahraki, S. (2014), Spatial analysis of quality of life in informal settlements of Tehran metropolitan area Case study: (Islamabad, Salehabad). Journal of Human Geography Research, 46(1), 177-196 . (In Persian)
Sarrafi, M. (2003). Towards a Theory for Organizing Informal Housing, from Marginalization to the Text of Marginalization, Journal of Haft Shahr Civil and Improvement Quarterly, 3(8),24-25. (In Persian)
Sarrafi, M. (2002), Towards a Theory for Organizing Informal Settlement - From Marginalization to Text Settlement, Journal of Haft Shahr,3(8), 5 - 11. (In Persian)
Stokes, C. J. (1962). A theory of slums. Journal of Land Economics, 38(3), 187–197.
Taubenböck, H., & Kraff, N. J. (2014). The physical face of slums: A structural comparison of slums in Mumbai, India, based on remotely sensed data. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 29(1), 15–38.
Thorns, D.C. ( 2002). The Transformation of Cities: Urban Theory and Urban Life. Palgrave, Macmillan, (7th Ed.). New York. Sage Publication.
UN-Habitat, (2009). Planning Sustainable Cities: Global Report on Human Settlements. United Nations, Human Settlements Programme.
Van Kamp I., Leidelmeijer K., Marsman G., de Hollander A.(2003). “Urban enviromental quality and human well-being towards a conceptual framework and demarcation of concepts. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning. 65, 5-18.
Ward, P. M. (1976). The squatter settlement as slum or housing solution: Evidence from Mexico City. Journal of Land Economics, 52(3), 330–346.
Ziari, K., Nozari, A. (2009). Organizing and Empowering Informal Housing in Ahvaz, . Journal of Human Geography Research, 68, 21-36. (In Persian)
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 497 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 499 |
||