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امکان سنجی حمایت از شهرت اشخاص مشهور تحت نهاد پسینگ آف | ||
پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی | ||
مقاله 13، دوره 8، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 16، دی 1403 | ||
نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/lps.2023.25833.1544 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علی نظری1؛ عباس میرشکاری* 2 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
2استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 21 مرداد 1402، تاریخ بازنگری: 24 شهریور 1402، تاریخ پذیرش: 09 آبان 1402 | ||
چکیده | ||
براساس نهاد پسینگاف، هیچ کس حق ندارد با سوء استفاده یا جعل علامت تجاری متعلق به دیگری، کالا یا خدمات خود را به عنوان کالا یا خدمات شخص دیگر و یا بالعکس، معرفی و عرضه کند. پرسش اصلی مقاله حاضر، این است که آیا در فرض استفاده بدون اجازه از نشانههای هویتی اشخاص مشهور نیز، که غالباً از سوی شرکتهای تبلیغاتی و یا تولیدکنندگان محصولات تجاری صورت میگیرد، میتوان از نهاد یاد شده استفاده کرد یا خیر. پاسخ اولیه به این پرسش، با توجه به مفهوم سنتی نهاد فوق، منفی بود، زیرا پسینگ آف در مفهوم سنتی، تنها صرف آنکه خوانده، کالای خود را محصول تولید شده توسط دیگری معرفی کند، شامل میشد. اما در مفهوم توسعه یافته و موسع از این نهاد، هر موقعیتی که مصرفکنندگان در خصوص منشا کالا یا تایید کالا دچار فریب یا گمراهی شوند نیز مشمول این نهاد خواهد شد. با این تفسیر، از آنجا که استفاده از نشانههای هویتی اشخاص مشهور، ممکن است سبب گمراهی مصرفکنندگان در خصوص منشاء کالا، کیفیت کالا و یا تایید آن شود، اشخاص مشهور نیز میتوانند با استناد به نهاد فوق، اقامه دعوا نمایند. در مقاله پیشرو تلاش شده تا نهاد یاد شده و دگردیسی آن بررسی شود و در نهایت نیز، رویکرد نظام حقوقی ایران در این باره مورد مطالعه قرارگیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پسینگ آف؛ اشخاص مشهور؛ بهرهبرداری؛ تجارت شخصیت؛ تایید کذب | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Feasibility study of protection the reputation of celebrities under the Passing off institution | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Ali Nazari1؛ Abbas MirShekari2 | ||
1Master of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
2Assistant Professor, Department of Private and Islamic Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
According to the Passing off tort, no one has the right to misuse or counterfeit a trademark owned by another, to represent and offer his goods or services as the goods or services of another person, or vice versa. The main question in this article is whether the mentioned institution can be used in case of unauthorized use of the identities marks of celebrities, which is often done by advertising companies or manufacturers of commercial products. The initial answer to this question, based on the traditional concept of the above institution, was negative, because the passing off in the traditional sense only included the reader's introduction of his product as a product produced by another. However, in the developed and expanded concept of this institution, any situation in which consumers are deceived or misled about the origin of goods or endorsement of goods will also be subject to this institution. With this interpretation, since the use of the identity marks of celebrities may cause consumers to be misled about the origin of the goods, the quality of the goods, or their endorsement, celebrities can also sue by referring to the above institution. In this article, an attempt has been made to study the mentioned institution and its transformation, and finally, to study the approach of the Iranian legal system in this regard. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Passing Off, Celebrities, Exploitation, CharacterMerchandising, False Endorsement | ||
مراجع | ||
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