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بررسی عقد صلح در فقه و مقایسه آن با قرارداد ارفاقی در قانون تجارت | ||
| پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 20، دی 1404، صفحه 135-151 اصل مقاله (382.02 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/lps.2024.27220.1638 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| بهنام قنبرپور* | ||
| استادیار گروه حقوق و الهیات، واحد قائمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 19 خرداد 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 29 مهر 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 15 آبان 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از نهادهای حقوقی مشابه با عقد صلح، قرارداد ارفاقی است که به منظور مساعدت به تاجر ورشکسته منعقد می شود و در بعضی از مکاتب حقوقی به «صلح الودی» یا قرارداد دوستانه معروف است. قرارداد ارفاقی که بر پایه مسامحه و صرف نظر کردن از یکدیگر استوار است در گره گشایی از برخی امور تجاری نقش موثری ایفاء می کند و به لحاظ ارفاق و احسانی که در ماهیت این قرارداد نهاده شده است به عقد صلح شبیه است . پژوهش حاضر که با هدف مقایسه این دو قرارداد بایکدیگر به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی سامان یافته است درصدد آن است تا تشابهات و تمایزات آن دو را نمایان سازد. یافته های پژوهش بیانگر آن است که این دو نهاد علیرغم تشابهات متعدد از بعضی جهات با یکدیگر تفاوت اساسی دارند؛ به عنوان مثال در عقد صلح فقدان شرط اهلیت تصرف مثل ورشکستگی مصالح موجب عدم نفوذ عقد است در حالی که در قرارداد ارفاقی، عامل ورشکستگی تاجر از اجزای اساسی تشکیل دهنده این قرارداد به شمار می آید ؛علاوه برآن،موضوع اقاله و خیار در قرارداد ارفاقی منتفی است و برخلاف عقد صلح با رعایت شرایط و تشریفات مخصوص به خود همواره با رضایت اکثر طلبکاران به صورت گروهی با تصدیق دادگاه محقق می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| قرارداد ارفاقی؛ عقد صلح؛ مسامحه؛ ورشکستگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Study of Peace Contract in Jurisprudence and Comparing it with Deed of Arrangement in commercial law | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Behnam GhanbarPour | ||
| Assistant Professor, Department of Law and Theology, Ghaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshahr, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the legal institutions similar to the peace contract is the deed of arrangement, which is concluded in order to help a bankrupt businessman, and is known as "Al-Solh Al-Voddi" or friendly contract in some legal schools. The deed of arrangement, which is based on tolerance and ignoring each other, plays an effective role in untangling some business matters, and it is similar to a peace agreement in terms of amity and kindness that is included in the nature of this contract. The current research, which is organized with the aim of comparing these two contracts with each other in a descriptive-analytical method, aims to show the similarities and differences between them. The findings of the research indicate that these two institutions are fundamentally different from each other despite their many similarities; For example, in a peace contract, the lack of the condition of possession, such as the bankruptcy of the property, causes the contract to be ineffective, while in the deed of arrangement, the bankruptcy of the merchant is one of the basic components of this contract; in addition, the issue of relegation and choice in the deed of arrangement. It is excluded, and unlike the peace agreement, it is always realized with the consent of the majority of creditors in a group with the approval of the court, by observing its own conditions and formalities. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Contract, Friendship, Peace, Forgiveness, Bankruptcy | ||
| مراجع | ||
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