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کاربست تئوری نردبان مشارکت آرنشتاین، در آسیب شناسی سبد آراء انتخابات شورای شهر، نمونه پژوهشی: شهر زاهدان | ||
| مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 12، شماره 1، فروردین 1404، صفحه 91-118 اصل مقاله (2.07 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/usfs.2024.27267.2444 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| امیرحمزه شهبازی* | ||
| استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 26 خرداد 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 24 مرداد 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف آسیب‌شناسی سازوکارهای مدیریت شهری، بر پایه تئوری نردبان مشارکت آرنشتاین و تبیین پراکش محله‌ای سبد رای گروه‌های برنده و بازنده انتخابات شورای شهر انجام شده. روش تحقیق، توصیفی – تحلیلی و گردآوری داده‌ها به روش پیمایشی و پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته؛ با حجم نمونه 385 واحد و روش نمونه‌برداری تصادفی دو مرحله‌ای بوده است. لذا از انواع مدل‌های استنباط آماری Phi-Coefficient، Cramer's V، Lambda، cross tab، اسپیرمن، کای‌دو و ... بهره‌گیری شد یافته‌ها نشان داد؛ سبد آراء لیست برنده و بازنده انتخابات با چهار شاخص نسبتا کلیدی یعنی سواد، محله‌سکونت، بعد‌خانوار و قومیت رای‌دهندگان، ارتباطی معنی‌دار و تبیین‌کننده دارد. به این اعتبار که سبد رای پیروز انتخابات نتوانسته دربرگیرنده اقشار متوسط و بالای شهر باشد و در همراه ساختن قشرهای کارآفرین، خلاق و فرهیخه جامعه ناکام بوده است. وانگهی وام‌دار شدن منتخبین به رای‌دهندگان سبد رای‌شان و متعاقبا اولویت یافتن تمایلات این رای دهندگان، در برنامه ریزی ها و مدیریت شهر از یکسو و همچنین تمایل طبیعی منتخبین هر دوره به انتخاب مجدد در دوره بعدی (یعنی بازتولید جایگاه خویش در مدیریت شهری)، سبب تداوم و تشدید سیکل معیوب فوق می گردد و رخنمون یافتن آسیب‌هایی را در پی دارد. آشکار است، پیامد این سیکل، سرخوردگی طبقه کارآفرین، کنار‌ه‌گیری طبقه خلاق، نگرانی فرهیختگان، به حاشیه‌رانده‌شدن اقشار متوسط و بالاتر و از پس‌آن، کاهش احساس تعلق به مکان و سرانجام سستی و ضعف شالوده‌های اقتصادی واجتماعی شهر بوده است. لذا بازنده نهایی، کلیت شهر و همه شهروندان (صرف‌نظر از هرگونه قشربندی) بوده و خواهند بود. این پژوهش اساسا، نمی‌باید و نمی‌تواند به نقد منتخبین و ارزیابی صلاحیت فردی، تخصصی و عملکردی منتخبین شورای شهر بپردازد. بلکه به آسیب‌شناسی سازوکارهای انتخابات، گونه‌شناسی سبد رای برنده و بازنده انتخابات و پیامدهای خواسته وناخواسته حاصل از این فرایندها، پرداخته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تئوری نردبان مشارکت آرنشتاین؛ رویکرد قومی؛ شورای اسلامی شهر؛ مدیریت شهری؛ زاهدان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Application of Arnstein's Participation Ladder Theory in the Pathology of City Council Votes Basket (Research Sample: Zahedan City) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amirhamzeh Shahbazi | ||
| Assistant professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environment Planning. University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research aimed to diagnose some mechanisms of urban management (municipality and city council), such as the level of participation of classes and ethnicities, social and economic characteristics, and the spatial distribution of the voting basket of winning and losing groups. This research was developed and carried out using a descriptive and analytical method, with the tool of a researcher-made questionnaire; the sample size was 385 units, and the sampling method was two-stage random. Analysis models were Voting Basket e: Phi-Coefficient, Cramer's V, Lambda, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Chi-2, Cross Table, and Cronbach's Alpha. The problems of Zahedan's urban management were mainly pointed to by the dominance of ethnic approaches. The findings showed that there is a significant and explanatory relationship between the vote basket of the winner and loser list of the election and five relatively key indicators of the voters, including literacy, residential area, ethnicity of the voters, cultural index of the number of children, and finally the level of satisfaction with the performance of the Islamic City Council. However, the damage appears when the larger Voting Basket sometimes includes strata with socio-cultural, spatial-physical, and economic indicators that are lower than average. The fact that the elected officials are indebted to the same Voting Basket as the previous one causes the continuation of the previous defective cycle and the aggravation of the damages. The result is the disillusionment of the entrepreneurial class, the withdrawal of the creative class, the exclusion of the educated, the marginalization of the middle and upper class, and after that, the reduction of participation, the reduction of the sense of belonging to a place, and finally the weakness and weakness of the economic and social foundations of the city. The main loser of this vicious cycle will be the entire city. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Arnstein's participation ladder, Islamic City Council elections, Zahedan, urban management, word… | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 134 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 88 |
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