پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 32 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 554 |
| تعداد مقالات | 5,380 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 8,160,820 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,064,045 |
استحصال قواعد حاکم بر اشاعه مدنی بر محور رفع چالشهای قضایی ایران با نگرشی به حقوق آمریکا | ||
| پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 20، دی 1404، صفحه 61-79 اصل مقاله (578.11 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/lps.2024.26251.1572 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مرتضی تاجری1؛ رمضان دهقان* 2؛ حسین قربانیان3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، واحد شاهرود، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شاهرود، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 13 آبان 1402، تاریخ بازنگری: 22 آذر 1402، تاریخ پذیرش: 27 دی 1402 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اشاعه، از معدود واژگانی است که نظام حقوقی را دچار چالشها و پیچیدگیهای بیشمار نموده است. صفتی که مختص به مال مشاع بوده و طرح دعاوی متعدد و تشتت آرای قضایی، مرهون بایش آن است. ازاینرو استحصال قواعد منبعث از این نهاد، به جهت کاهش ناهمگونی دیدگاههای قضایی و اتقان آرای صادره ضروری مینماید. همچنین مطابقت این قواعد با حقوق آمریکا که عضو نظام حقوقی کامن لا است، کاربرد آن را در رویه قضایی دوچندان میگرداند فلذا با استناد به روش توصیفی تحلیلی و بهرهگیری از منابع کتابخانهای و الکترونیک، در این مسیر گام نهاده شد و حاصل این پژوهش، یابش قواعد بدیعی از دل احکام فقهی و مستندات قانونی ایران و آمریکا بود که دستاویزی در مسیر رفع چالشهای قضایی ایران گردید. قاعدهای که آثار خود را در حقوق ایران کاملا نمایان ساخته و تنفیذ اعمال حقوقی شرکا، برگرفته از آن است، قاعده تسری حقوق مالکانه شرکا در اجزای مال مشاع نامیده شد و در مقابل قاعدهای که دایره شمول گستردهتری در حقوق آمریکا دارد و هرگونه بهرهگیری از مال مشاع را منوط به رضایت جمیع شرکا میداند، قاعده تقیید استیلا شرکا نامگذاری گردید. سپس در جهت تکمیل این یافتهها، قاعده تسهیم مسئولیت شرکا برون آوری شد که نمود قانونی آن در مبحث اداره آپارتمانهای هر دو نظام حقوقی ایران و آمریکا مشهود است. واپسین قاعده که از قدرت و اختیار مطلق اذن در شرکتهای مدنی استنباط گردید و تواناییهای عدیدهای را پیش روی نمایندگان ادارهکننده مال مشاع قرار داد، قاعده اذن متنفذ تسمیه گشت و جایگاه هر یک از این قواعد در رفع چالشهای قضایی ایران تشریح گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| "اشاعه"؛ "شرکت"؛ "کامن لا"؛ "چالش های قضایی"؛ "رویه قضایی" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Extraction of the Governing Rules of Civil Tenancy in Common Centered on Resolving Judicial Challenges in Iran, with Reference to U.S. Law | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Morteza Tajeri1؛ Ramezan Dehghan2؛ Hosein Ghorbanian3 | ||
| 1PhD student in private law, Faculty of Law, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Tenancy in common is a term that has caused numerous challenges and complications within the legal system. It is a characteristic specific to common property, and many lawsuits and petitions arise because of it. Therefore, it is essential to understand the rules established by this institution to reduce the inconsistency of judicial opinions and enhance the validity of issued rulings. Additionally, the alignment of these rules with American law, which is part of the common law legal system, increases their applicability in judicial procedures. Using a descriptive-analytical method and library resources, this research took a step in that direction. The study uncovered innovative rules from the jurisprudence and legal documents of both Iran and the United States, which serve as a framework for addressing Iran's judicial challenges. One such rule, which has had a significant impact on Iranian law and the enforcement of partners' legal actions, is called the rule of extension of ownership rights of partners in the components of common property. In contrast, American law applies a broader rule, which requires the consent of all partners for any use of common property; this is referred to as the rule restricting usurpation by partners. To complement these findings, we identified the rule of sharing responsibility among partners, which is clearly reflected in the management of apartment buildings under both Iranian and American legal systems. Finally, we derived a rule from the absolute authority of permission in civil companies, granting extensive powers to representatives managing common property. This was termed the rule of permissive permission. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| "co-ownership", " partnership", "common law", "judicial challenges", " judicial process objections" | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
"lajonhe talif alghavaed alfeghhieh va osool altabeh". (2002), Principles of jurisprudence based on the Imami school of thought. Ahl al-Bayt Printing and Publishing Center. [in arabic] Amid, H. (ed30). (2011), Amid's Persian dictionary. Amir Kabir Publications. [In Persian] Azar, j, & Schmalz, m. (2018), Anticompetitive Effects of Common Ownership, Isabel Tecu The Journal of Finance, 73, 1513-1565. Brand, r. (1946), Joint Mortgages and the Law of Property Act 1925. The Modern Law Review.9, 53-59. Brand, r. (1949), The Joint Mortgage. The Modern Law Review.12, 166-172. Brown, r. (1908), The Law of Sales in the United States.Columbia Law Review, 8, 82-95. Cagdas, v, & paasch, j, & paulsson, j. (2020), Co-ownership shares in condominium A comparative analysis for selected civil law jurisdictions. Land Use Policy.95, 1-12. Caselaw. (2023) https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-supreme-court/288/73.html Cvetić Radenka, M, & Midorović Sloboda, D. (2021), Co-ownership of apartment owners with regard to the land on which the building is built. Zbornik Radova, Pravni Fakultet u Novom Sadu.55, 737-763. Dehkhoda, AD. (ed). (2006), dictionary. Vol.2, Tehran University Press. [In Persian] Esfahani, M. (1993), " alnahayato alderayah fi sharhe alkefayah", Vol.1, Al-Bayt Foundation, peace be upon them, for the revival of tradition. [In arabic] Esmaili, M, & Amrai, A. (2018), Redefining the rule of permission and its effects. Evidence legal doctrines. 8, 5-24. [In Persian] Ghorbanian, h. (2018), The legal status of common property collateral and its division. Bar association magazine. 104, 44-54. [In Persian] Harvard Law Review. (2006), Creating an American Property Law: Alienability and Its Limits in American History Claire Priest, 120, 385-459. Hasami, M, & Mirshkari, A. (2021), Endowment of common property in the jurisprudence of Islamic religions and Iranian law. Specialized two-quarter journal of contract law and new technologies. 3, 101-127. [In Persian] Hosseini, R. (2021), The effects of sharing the interests and possessions of the partner in the common property. Journal of new research in humanities. 30, 343-358. [In Persian] Imami, H. (ed). (2022), Civil law course. Vol.1, Islamic bookstore. [In Persian] Lagalservices. (2023), https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch23s07s02s16.php Mazaheri, c. (2017), "alavaed alghavaed alfeghhieh", Vol.2, Islamic Information Office of the Qom Seminary. Mcfarlane, B. (2008), The structure of property law. Hart Publishing. Merrett, l. (2008). The Importance of Delivery and Possession in the Passing of Title. The Cambridge Law Journal.67, 376-395. Mohaghegh Damad, M. (2014). Rules of jurisprudence in Bakhsh Madani. Islamic Sciences Publishing Center. [In Persian] Mohammadi, A. (2011), Rules of Jurisprudence. Kitab Khaneh Melli Iran. [In Persian] Mousavi Bojunordi, M. (ed). (2006), Jurisprudential rules. Vol.2, Majd Publications. [In Persian] Munshi, s. (2022), Dispossession: An American Property Law Tradition. Georgetown University Law Center. 110, 1021-1096. Mustafawi, m. (1996), "alghavaed maate ghaede feghhie mani va madrak va mord", Vol.1, Islamic publications booklet, which was covered by the Qom Seminary Seminary Modarresin University. [in arabic] Nolo. (2023), https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/joint-property-concurrent-ownership-32229.html. Orth, j. (2009). The periles of Joint Tenancies. Real Property, Trust and Estate Law Journal.44, 427-440. Orth, j. (2012), The Paradoxes of Joint Tenancies. Real Property, Trust and Estate Law Journal.46, 483-494. Porkarmi, N. (2016), A comparative study of the legal status of share ownership in common property in Iranian and British law. Master's thesis. Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Zahedan Azad University. [In Persian] Roshan, M, & Shahmoradi, A. (2017), a review of the rule "man lah al-ghanam fa alayho al-gharam" and its applications in Imamiyyah jurisprudence, the second international conference on political science law and Islamic education in Tehran, 2, 1-20. [In Persian] Sadeghi Goldar, A. (1987), The concept of a company contract and its scope. Legal and judicial studies. 9, 177-189. [In Persian] Saleh Maram, s. (2013), Jurisprudence and legal review of the rulings on common property. Master's thesis. Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Urmia University. [In Persian] Shabkhiz, M, & alibi, M, & Cheraghi, A, & Asgari, L. (ed). (2014). Translation and explanation of "Al-Lama Al-Damashqiyya". Ava book. [In Persian] Shafiei, H. (ed6). (2021), Implementation of Civil Laws, Solutions and Methods of Implementation of Civil and Family Laws (Scientific and Practical), Dynamic Rights Publications. [In Persian] Shahidi, AD. (ed25). (2021), Civil law, 6 vol, 1, Majd Publications. [In Persian] Sotoudeh Tehrani, H. (ed11). (2017), Business Law, Vol.2, Justice Publishing Institute. [In Persian] Strata Property Act. (1998), CHAPTER 43. Tay, A e s. (2021). The Concept of Possession In The Comenlaw: Fondathions For a New. Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai.40, 476-497. Warren, j. (1923), The Law of Property Act, 1922. Michigan Law Review, 21, 245-276.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 179 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 22 |
||