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Izadi, Ardalan, Yazdandoost, Farhad. (1404). Iran's Agricultural Exports Policy from the Perspective of Virtual Water and Its Economic Value. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1(1), 53-67. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29230.1013
Ardalan Izadi; Farhad Yazdandoost. "Iran's Agricultural Exports Policy from the Perspective of Virtual Water and Its Economic Value". پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1, 1, 1404, 53-67. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29230.1013
Izadi, Ardalan, Yazdandoost, Farhad. (1404). 'Iran's Agricultural Exports Policy from the Perspective of Virtual Water and Its Economic Value', پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1(1), pp. 53-67. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29230.1013
Izadi, Ardalan, Yazdandoost, Farhad. Iran's Agricultural Exports Policy from the Perspective of Virtual Water and Its Economic Value. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1404; 1(1): 53-67. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29230.1013

Iran's Agricultural Exports Policy from the Perspective of Virtual Water and Its Economic Value

Civil Engineering and Applied Solutions
مقاله 3، دوره 1، شماره 1، شهریور 2025، صفحه 53-67    اصل مقاله (864.09 K)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/ceas.2025.29230.1013
نویسندگان
Ardalan Izadi* ؛ Farhad Yazdandoost
Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1404،  تاریخ پذیرش: 24 اردیبهشت 1404 
چکیده
Export is an essential part of trade, and is the main mechanism of any country to increase its economic growth. It would be prudent for countries facing water stress to consider the role of Virtual Water besides the economic aspects of exports. This would, in turn, lead to more purposeful export strategies while preserving valuable domestic water resources. Here, a three-step framework is presented to judge how to export better-targeted products in the agricultural sector, as the largest water-consuming sector of Iran, where water shortage is currently one of the main national challenges. The framework is established based on two indices: Price and Revenue. The price index stands for the cost that must be paid, and the revenue index measures the economic value earned from exporting a certain amount of Virtual Water hidden in sold products. Comparison of these two criteria between Iran and the World trade can lead to maximizing incomes from exports and minimizing domestic water resource consumption. The efficiency of the proposed approach was investigated for six exported agricultural products: dates, pistachios, and saffron as the most well-known international brands of Iran's agricultural industry, and tea, rice, and watermelon as the representative water-intensive products during 2005-2016. The results show that the current states of exports have unfavorable conditions both from the perspective of water resources exploitation and export incomes. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed framework can provide a better platform for considering not only export incomes, but also volume and economic value of exported Virtual Water.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Iran export, price index, revenue index, virtual water؛ world trade balance
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