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Ghaderi Khorasgani, Milad, Zarif Sanayei, Hamed Reza, Morsali, Masoud, Toghyani, Saeed. (1404). Multi-Parameter Assessment and Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater Resources to Identify Critical Quality Areas Using a GIS Approach. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1(2), 74-87. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29622.1026
Milad Ghaderi Khorasgani; Hamed Reza Zarif Sanayei; Masoud Morsali; Saeed Toghyani. "Multi-Parameter Assessment and Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater Resources to Identify Critical Quality Areas Using a GIS Approach". پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1, 2, 1404, 74-87. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29622.1026
Ghaderi Khorasgani, Milad, Zarif Sanayei, Hamed Reza, Morsali, Masoud, Toghyani, Saeed. (1404). 'Multi-Parameter Assessment and Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater Resources to Identify Critical Quality Areas Using a GIS Approach', پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1(2), pp. 74-87. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29622.1026
Ghaderi Khorasgani, Milad, Zarif Sanayei, Hamed Reza, Morsali, Masoud, Toghyani, Saeed. Multi-Parameter Assessment and Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater Resources to Identify Critical Quality Areas Using a GIS Approach. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1404; 1(2): 74-87. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2025.29622.1026

Multi-Parameter Assessment and Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater Resources to Identify Critical Quality Areas Using a GIS Approach

Civil Engineering and Applied Solutions
دوره 1، شماره 2، مهر 2025، صفحه 74-87    اصل مقاله (1.13 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/ceas.2025.29622.1026
نویسندگان
Milad Ghaderi Khorasgani1؛ Hamed Reza Zarif Sanayei1؛ Masoud Morsali* 2؛ Saeed Toghyani1
1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Shahrkord, Shahrkord, Iran
2Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
تاریخ دریافت: 17 تیر 1404،  تاریخ بازنگری: 22 تیر 1404،  تاریخ پذیرش: 22 تیر 1404 
چکیده
This study conducts a multi-parameter assessment of groundwater quality in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, to identify critical zones and support sustainable water resource management. Groundwater, vital for potable, irrigation, and industrial needs, was evaluated using the groundwater quality index (GWQI), Principal component analysis (PCA), and geographic information systems (GIS). Data from 2015–2016, collected from multiple sampling points, included parameters like pH, EC, TDS, TH, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄², NO₃⁻, and PO₄³⁻. GWQI was calculated by weighting parameters against WHO standards, while GIS mapped seasonal and spatial quality variations. PCA identified key factors driving quality changes, with the first component (69.7–83.84% variance) linking salinity (EC, TDS, TH) and nutrient pollution (NO₃⁻, PO₄³⁻) to agricultural practices and evaporation, and the second (17.15–30.3% variance) reflecting K⁺, SO₄²⁻, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, and Cl⁻, inversely related to TDS due to dilution. GWQI zonation showed good-to-excellent quality (0–50) in spring 2015, declining in autumn (50–75) due to evaporation and agricultural inputs, and improving in winter 2016 from rainfall infiltration. Eastern regions consistently exhibited poorer quality. The study highlights natural (evaporation, mineral dissolution) and anthropogenic (agriculture, contamination) influences on groundwater quality, with relative stability between 2015 and 2016 but notable seasonal variability. The integrated PCA, GWQI, and GIS approach, applied for the first time in this region, offers a robust framework for identifying critical zones and guiding localized management strategies. Biannual data and high-resolution mapping enhance methodological rigor, providing new insights into hydrogeochemical challenges and a dynamic tool for sustainable groundwater management.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Groundwater quality index (GWQI)؛ Qualitative zoning؛ Groundwater resources؛ Chaharmahal and bakhtiari province؛ Principal component analysis (PCA)؛ Geographic information system (GIS)
مراجع
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