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قاعدۀ منع انتفاع مدیر شرکت های تجاری در حقوق انگلیس و ایران | ||
| پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21، فروردین 1405، صفحه 281-301 اصل مقاله (589.72 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/lps.2025.29435.1762 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| عیسی مقدم* | ||
| استادیار حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 27 خرداد 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 29 شهریور 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 21 مهر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شرکت تجاری دارای شخصیت حقوقی است و ادارۀ آن با مدیران است. مدیریت شرکت از مواردی است که می تواند منجر به ایجاد وضعیت تعارض منافع شود به این معنا که مدیر در مواردی ممکن است ناچار شود از بین منافع شخصی خود و منافع شرکت یکی را انتخاب کند. در حقوق انگلیس یکی از قواعدی که بر رابطۀ مدیر و شرکت حاکم است قاعدۀ منع انتفاع است. بر اساس این قاعده مدیر علی القاعده نمی تواند از رهگذر مدیریت شرکت منفعت شخصی تحصیل کند مگر در مواردی که جواز آن احراز شود. در حقوق این کشور، مبنای اصلی این قاعده رابطۀ امانی مدیر با شرکت است و بر همین اساس نیز به مسائلی که در رابطه با آن مطرح می گردد مانند محل جریان قاعده، قلمرو و ضمانت اجرای منع انتفاع پاسخ گفته می شود. بر اساس رابطۀ امانی، مدیر باید اختیارات اعطایی را در راستای تأمین منافع و مصالح شرکت به کار برد و نمی تواند از چارچوبی که قانون یا شرکا برای او تعریف کرده اند خارج شود. در حقوق ایران به نظر می رسد رابطۀ امانی تکیه گاه مناسبی برای پایه گذاری قاعده و استنتاج احکام مربوط به آن است. در عین حال، تفاوت های مهمی نیز از برخی جهات بین دو نظام حقوقی وجود دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اعادۀ منفعت؛ تحصیل منفعت؛ تعارض منافع؛ داراشدن ناعادلانه؛ رابطۀ امانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| no profit rule of the director of companies in the laws of iran and England | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Issa Moghaddam | ||
| Assistant Professor of Private Law, Law Department, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The management of the company can lead to a situation of conflict of interest, in the sense that the director may have to choose between his personal interests and the interests of the company. Considering that due to human nature, he most likely prefers his personal interests over the interests of the company, so a solution should be thought of. In the law of England , one of the rules governing the relationship between the director and the company is the no profit rule. According to this rule, the director cannot obtain personal benefit from the management of the company unless it is approved. In the law of this country, the main basis of this rule is the fiduciary relationship of the director with the company, and based on this, the issues that are raised in relation to it, such as the territory or its sanction are answered. Based on fiduciary relationship, he must use the your powers in line with the interests of the company and cannot deviate from what the law or the partners have considered for him. In the law of iran, the fiduciary relationship is a suitable basis for establishing the rule and finding the answer to the issues related to it. there are also important differences in some respects between the two legal systems. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| : Restitution of benefit, acquisition of benefit, conflict of interest, unjust enrichment, fiduciary relationship | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 220 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 44 |
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