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حوالههای مالی و آموزش در خانوارهای روستایی: یک مرور نظاممند (2025-2000) | ||
| مطالعات برنامه ریزی آموزشی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 17 آذر 1404 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/eps.2025.30372.2381 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا رضوانی1؛ سیدعلی بدری* 2؛ فاطمه نیک روش1؛ علیرضا دربان آستانه1؛ محمدامین خراسانی1 | ||
| 1گروه آموزشی جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه آموزشی جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 05 آبان 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آبان 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 17 آذر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف: حوالههای مالی یکی از مهمترین جریانهای اقتصادی مؤثر بر رفاه خانوارها و توسعه انسانی در مناطق روستایی به شمار میروند و میتوانند مسیر آموزش و سرمایهگذاری آموزشی خانوادهها را دگرگون کنند. در همین راستا، این مقاله با هدف تحلیل نظاممند و یکپارچهی آثار حوالههای مالی در برنامهریزی آموزشی خانوارهای روستایی، شواهد تجربی منتشرشده در بازهی زمانی ۲۰۰۰ تا آوریل ۲۰۲۵ را بررسی میکند. روششناسی: این پژوهش مبتنی بر مرور نظاممند است. جستوجوی جامع در پایگاههای دادهی معتبر شامل Scopus ، Web of Science، Google Scholar و ScienceDirect انجام شد و ۴۱ مطالعهی واجد شرایط برای تحلیل نهایی انتخاب گردید. فرایند غربالگری، استخراج دادهها و ارزیابی کیفیت مطالعات با استفاده از دستورالعمل PRISMA صورت گرفت. یافتهها: یافتهها نشان میدهد که حوالهها در بیشتر کشورها اثر مثبت و معناداری بر برنامهریزی آموزشی دارند، اما شدت و جهت این اثرات بسته به تفاوتهای نهادی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی متفاوت است. در کشورهایی با نظام مالی و آموزشی کارآمد، حوالهها منجر به افزایش سرمایهگذاری در آموزش و بهبود کیفیت تحصیل میشوند، در حالیکه در جوامع با ساختار نهادی ضعیف یا الگوهای مردسالارانه، تخصیص منابع غالباً به مصارف غیرآموزشی سوق یافته و اثر توسعهای حوالهها کاهش مییابد. علاوه بر این، اثر حوالهها در سطوح تحصیلی مختلف یکنواخت نیست؛ در مقاطع ابتدایی، تأثیر آن بیشتر از مسیر توانمندسازی مالی خانوادهها مشاهده میشود، اما در سطوح متوسطه و عالی، عواملی مانند افزایش هزینهی فرصت تحصیل، اشتغال زودهنگام یا تمایل به مهاجرت، بخشی از اثر مثبت حوالهها را خنثی میکند. نتیجهگیری و پیشنهادها: این پژوهش تأکید میکند که حوالهها، در صورت وجود سیاستهای حمایتی و نهادهای آموزشی کارآمد، میتوانند بهعنوان ابزاری مؤثر در ارتقای سرمایه انسانی، کاهش نابرابری آموزشی و تسهیل توسعه پایدار در مناطق روستایی عمل کنند. نوآوری و اصالت: این مقاله با رویکردی نظاممند و آیندهنگر، تلاش دارد تا شواهد تجربی موجود درباره تأثیر حوالههای مالی بر برنامهریزی آموزشی در مناطق روستایی را یکپارچه کند و نقش مؤثر سیاستها و نهادها را در افزایش اثرگذاری این جریان مالی بر توسعه انسانی خانوارهای روستایی روشن سازد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| حوالههای مالی؛ آموزش؛ خانوارهای روستایی؛ سرمایه انسانی؛ مرور نظاممند | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Remittances and Education in Rural Households: A Systematic Review (2000–2025) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Reza Rezvani1؛ Seyed Ali Badri2؛ Fatemeh Nickravesh1؛ Alireza Darban Astaneh1؛ Mohammadamin Khorasani1 | ||
| 1Dep. of Human Geography & Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Dep. of Human Geography & Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aim: Financial remittances are among the most influential economic flows affecting household welfare and human development in rural areas, and they have the potential to reshape educational pathways and investment in schooling. In this regard, this article aims to systematically and comprehensively analyze the effects of financial remittances on educational planning in rural households by reviewing empirical evidence published between 2000 and April 2025. Methodology: This research is based on a systematic review approach. A comprehensive search was conducted in reputable databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, resulting in the selection of 41 eligible studies for final analysis. The screening process, data extraction, and quality assessment of studies were carried out in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: The findings indicate that remittances have a generally positive and significant impact on educational planning in most countries; however, the magnitude and direction of these effects vary depending on institutional, economic, and cultural differences. In countries with efficient financial and educational systems, remittances lead to increased investment in education and improved learning quality. Conversely, in societies with weak institutional structures or patriarchal norms, financial resources are often diverted toward non-educational expenditures, diminishing the developmental role of remittances. Moreover, the effects of remittances differ across educational levels: at the primary stage, they primarily operate through household financial empowerment, while at secondary and higher levels, factors such as the rising opportunity cost of schooling, early employment, or migration aspirations may offset part of the positive impact. Conclusions and suggestions: The study highlights that, in the presence of supportive policies and effective educational institutions, remittances can serve as a powerful tool for enhancing human capital, reducing educational inequality, and promoting sustainable development in rural areas. Innovation and originality: This study adopts a systematic and forward-looking approach to integrate existing empirical evidence on the impact of financial remittances on educational planning in rural areas, highlighting the crucial role of policies and institutions in enhancing the effect of these financial flows on human development in rural households. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Remittances, Education, Rural Households, Human Capital, Systematic Review | ||
| مراجع | ||
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