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تبیین رابطه محیط انسانساخت و سفرهای فعال شهری و سلامت عمومی با تاکید بر سفرهای آونگی | ||
| مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 3، شهریور 1405، صفحه 135-158 اصل مقاله (569.07 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/usfs.2026.29887.2544 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آزاده علیزاده1؛ سید مهدی خاتمی* 2؛ سید علی صفوی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ هنرومعماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس،تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار،گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ هنرومعماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس،تهران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 06 شهریور 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 16 آبان 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 18 خرداد 1405 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تهدیدات محیطی در قالب بیتحرکی ناشی از گسترش افقی شهرها و وابستگی به خودرو، به بحرانی جهانی برای سلامت عمومی تبدیل شده است. سفرهای آونگی فعال از خانه تا محل کار که معمولاً منظم، روزانه، اجتنابناپذیر و در فواصل مشخص هستند، پتانسیل بالایی برای کاهش بیتحرکی و ارتقاء سلامت جسمی و روانی را دارند. این مطالعه ترسیم شواهد علمی موجود و تبیین رابطۀ میان محیط انسانساخت شهری، سفرهای فعال و سلامت عمومی را پی میجوید. با هدف درک حیطههای نظری، مفهومی و کاربردی حول موضوع سفرهای فعال شهری در راستای ارتقاء سلامت، مرور دامنهای براساس چارچوب JBI و دستورالعمل PRISMA-ScR انجام شد. جستوجوی نظاممند در پایگاه داده Scopus و سپس Elsevier، google scholar و PubMed با کلیدواژگان مرتبط با محیط انسانساخت، سفرآونگی فعال و سلامت عمومی انجام شد. پس از غربالگری، دادهها در چهار حوزۀ مرتبط با سفرفعال (محیط انسانساخت، رفتار، سلامت جسمی، سلامت روان) دستهبندی و با روش تحلیل مضمون قیاسی مبتنی بر ترکیب تئوریهای اجتماعیاکولوژیکی، تقاضای سفر، رفتار برنامهریزیشده و مدل ارتقاء سلامت Pender تحلیل شدند. با ابتناء بر رویکرد احتمالگرایی محیط، نقش محیط انسانساخت بر سفرهای فعال فرآیندی چندسطحی و پویاست. در سطح خرد، ویژگیهای کالبدی محله همراه با خودکارآمدی و نگرش فردی نقش مشوق دارند؛ در سطح میانی، اتصال شبکهها و اختلاطکاربری همراه با هنجارها و حمایت اجتماعی تسهیلکننده است و در سطح کلان سیاستگذاری مراکز اشتغال و جابهجایی پایدار عامل تثبیتکنندۀ سفر فعال محسوب میشوند. تعامل دوسویۀ محیط و رفتار (اثر خودگزینی) و ویژگیهای زمینهای فردی، بهعنوان عوامل میانجی و تعدیلگر، اهمیت بالایی در شکلگیری رفتار سفر فعال دارند. دستیابی به سلامت پایدار شهری نیازمند یکپارچگی سه سطح محیط انسانساخت همراه با مداخلات رفتاری است تا پیامدهایی همچون کاهش بیماریهای مزمن و بهبود سلامت روان حاصل شود.135 | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| محیط انسانساخت؛ سفرهای فعال شهری؛ سفرآونگی؛ سلامت عمومی؛ رفتارسفر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Explicating the relationship between built environment, active commute, and public health | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Azadeh Alizadeh1؛ Seyed Mahdi Khatami2؛ Seyed Ali Safavi3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Tarbiat Modares, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Tarbiat Modares, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Tarbiat Modares, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Physical inactivity stemming from urban sprawl and automobile dependence constitutes a global health crisis. Active commuting- structured, routine travel between home and work offers substantial potential to reduce physical inactivity and promote both physical and mental health. This study aims to synthesize current scientific evidence and elucidate the relationship between the urban built environment, active commuting, and public health outcomes. A scoping review following the JBI framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted to address conceptual, theoretical, and practical dimensions of active commuting in health promotion contexts. Systematic searches in Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases employed keywords related to the built environment, active commuting, and public health. Data were categorized into four domains, including built environment, behavior, physical health, and mental health, and analyzed using a deductive approach integrating social-ecological theory, travel demand theory, the theory of planned behavior, and Pender's Health Promotion Model. Findings revealed that the influence of the built environment on active commuting represents a complex, multilevel process. At the micro scale, neighborhood physical attributes combined with self-efficacy and individual attitudes serve as promotive factors; at the meso level, network connectivity, mixed land use, social norms, and community support function as facilitators; at the macro level, employment center planning and sustainable mobility policies operate as stabilizers of active commuting behavior. The dynamic interplay between environment and behavior, along with individual contextual factors, functions as a key mediator and moderator shaping travel decisions. Achieving sustainable urban health requires integrated interventions across all three built environment levels, combined with targeted behavioral strategies to reduce chronic disease prevalence and enhance mental health. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Build Environment, Active Commute, home work travels, Public Health, Travel Behavior | ||
| مراجع | ||
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