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Jalalkamali, Reza, Afandizadeh Zargari, Shahriar, Jalal Kamali, Mohammad Hossain. (1405). A Comparative Analysis of Surrogate Safety Indicators for Road Hazard Assessment Using Smartphone GPS Data. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, (), 39-50. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.31594.1092
Reza Jalalkamali; Shahriar Afandizadeh Zargari; Mohammad Hossain Jalal Kamali. "A Comparative Analysis of Surrogate Safety Indicators for Road Hazard Assessment Using Smartphone GPS Data". پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, , , 1405, 39-50. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.31594.1092
Jalalkamali, Reza, Afandizadeh Zargari, Shahriar, Jalal Kamali, Mohammad Hossain. (1405). 'A Comparative Analysis of Surrogate Safety Indicators for Road Hazard Assessment Using Smartphone GPS Data', پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, (), pp. 39-50. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.31594.1092
Jalalkamali, Reza, Afandizadeh Zargari, Shahriar, Jalal Kamali, Mohammad Hossain. A Comparative Analysis of Surrogate Safety Indicators for Road Hazard Assessment Using Smartphone GPS Data. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1405; (): 39-50. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.31594.1092

A Comparative Analysis of Surrogate Safety Indicators for Road Hazard Assessment Using Smartphone GPS Data

Civil Engineering and Applied Solutions
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 26 خرداد 1405
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/ceas.2026.31594.1092
نویسندگان
Reza Jalalkamali* 1؛ Shahriar Afandizadeh Zargari2؛ Mohammad Hossain Jalal Kamali3
1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
2Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran
تاریخ دریافت: 03 اردیبهشت 1405،  تاریخ بازنگری: 04 خرداد 1405،  تاریخ پذیرش: 26 خرداد 1405 
چکیده
Road Safety Assessment (RSA) can be conducted through two primary approaches: (1) the reactive approach, which relies on historical crash data; and (2) the proactive approach, which employs Surrogate Safety Indicators (SSIs). In the reactive approach, hazard potential is evaluated directly by measuring accident frequency, whereas in the proactive approach, SSIs must be validated against actual safety measures. However, few studies have systematically compared multiple SSIs to determine which indicators provide the most reliable correlation with actual crash occurrence, particularly in rural contexts where data collection is challenging. The purpose of this research is to compare 39 SSIs within the proactive RSA framework to identify potential hazards on rural road segments. An observational study was conducted employing Pearson correlation analysis, using vehicle velocity data collected via GPS-enabled smartphones from 100 vehicles across 125 km of rural roads. The analysis divided the road network into uniform 5-km segments and evaluated various crash severity levels, including fatal, injury, and total crashes. Among 39 proposed indicators, the deceleration frequency indicator (DNM1, counting all decelerations during braking without predefined thresholds) demonstrates the strongest correlation with crash data (r = 0.803 for property-damage crashes), establishing it as a highly robust proactive safety measure for rural road networks. Additionally, results revealed that traditional metrics like average vehicle velocity alone were poor predictors of safety compared to comprehensive deceleration-based measures, emphasizing the necessity of granular kinematic data. The findings enable transportation agencies to implement cost-effective, smartphone-based safety monitoring systems for real-time identification of high-risk rural road segments.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Road safety؛ Crash؛ Surrogate safety indicator (SSI)؛ Deceleration number of vehicles؛ Smartphones؛ Real-time data
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