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Criminal Procedure through Artificial Intelligence; Challenges and Solutions “With a Comparative Look at Iranian and Canadian Law” | ||
| پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 17 August 2026 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.22080/lps.2026.31291.1860 | ||
| Author | ||
| Ali Rouhani Zadeh | ||
| ff | ||
| Receive Date: 13 February 2026, Revise Date: 24 July 2026, Accept Date: 17 August 2026 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the use of decision-support systems in the criminal justice process has attracted the attention of the legal community. These technologies provide the ability to analyze large volumes of judicial data, predict case outcomes, and provide judicial recommendations, and can increase the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of the judicial system. However, the introduction of AI into criminal justice is accompanied by legal, ethical, and institutional challenges, including decision transparency, accountability, fairness, and prevention of algorithmic discrimination. This study examines the use of artificial intelligence in criminal justice in Iran and Canada with a comparative approach. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal, regulatory, and accountability frameworks in each country and identify opportunities and threats related to the use of AI in criminal processes. The results show that Canada has a more successful experience in integrating AI into criminal proceedings by utilizing transparent laws, independent regulatory bodies, and algorithm quality control mechanisms, while in Iran, the lack of a clear legal framework and limited regulatory structure increases legal and social risks. This study can guide the responsible use of AI in Iranian criminal proceedings by providing suggestions for drafting laws, establishing independent regulatory bodies, and ensuring transparency and accountability. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Artificial Intelligence; Criminal Procedure; Comparative Law; Judicial Accountability; Iran; Canada | ||
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