| تعداد نشریات | 32 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 591 |
| تعداد مقالات | 5,779 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 8,660,890 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,342,771 |
Measuring EFL Teachers’ Phronesis: Development and Validation of a New Inventory | ||
| Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching | ||
| دوره 5، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 9، 2027، صفحه 38-59 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/iselt.2026.32443.1213 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Maryam Rahmatollahi؛ Gholamhassan Famil Khalili* ؛ Mohammad Hashamdar | ||
| Department of Teaching English and Translation, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 27 تیر 1405، تاریخ بازنگری: 23 مرداد 1405، تاریخ پذیرش: 01 شهریور 1405 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Research has already established the significance of phronesis in promoting the educational system. However, more needs to be done to ascertain how the construct can be measured reliably. To this end, an in-depth review of the related literature was conducted, and semi-structured interviews were performed with 21 teachers to explore and extract the underlying components. A 57-item Likert scale inventory was developed through content analysis of the interviews and thematic network analysis of the literature. The instrument is among the first of its kind to operationalize phronesis specifically within the pedagogical demands of language teaching. The inventory was then administered to 257 in-service teachers selected through convenience sampling. The statistical analyses reduced the items to 32 and revealed adequate reliability. Moreover, structural equation modeling further confirmed the validity of the instrument. The first-order model with four factors, including moral agency, commitment, practical reasoning, and professional support, together with the second-order model, which was built upon the first, both indicated acceptable psychometric properties. The results, thus, demonstrated that phronesis is a unified, yet multidimensional construct. The findings provide teacher educators and teaching practitioners with a practical tool for assessing and reflecting on teachers’ phronesis and identifying areas for further professional development. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| EFL Teachers؛ Inventory؛ Phronesis؛ Structural Equation Model؛ Validation | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Allen, S. J., Rosch, D. M., Ciulla, J. B., Dugan, J. P., Jackson, B., Johnson, S. K., Pace, C., Kempster, S., Guthey, E., Murphy, S. E., Riggio, R. E., Schrier, K., Souba, W., & Spiller, C. (2022). Proposals for the future of leadership scholarship: Suggestions in phronesis. . Leadership, 18(4), 563–589. https://doi.org/10.1177/17427150221091363
Allouani, S. A., & Berrada, A. (2023). Educating for practical wisdom, teaching what cannot be taught: Critical reflections on fostering wisdom in business schools. In J. A. Al-Obaidi, J. A. Boivin, & M. N. Rao (Eds.), The Role of Educators as Agents and Conveyors for Positive Change in Global Education (pp. 209–224). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7869-1.ch009
Bachmann, C. (2019). Practical wisdom: Revisiting an ancient virtue in the context of a diverse business world. In Practical Wisdom and Diversity: Aligning Insights, Virtues and Values (pp. 23–40). Springer.
Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3 ed.). Sage publications.
Darnell, C., Fowers, B. J., & Kristjánsson, K. (2022). A multifunction approach to assessing Aristotelian phronesis (practical wisdom). Personality and Individual Differences, 196, Article 111684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111684
Darnell, C., Gulliford, L., Kristjánsson, K., & Paris, P. (2019). Phronesis and the knowledge-action gap in moral psychology and moral education: A new synthesis?. Human Development, 62(3), 101–129.
De Caro, M., Vaccarezza, M. S., & Niccoli, A. (2018). Phronesis as ethical expertise: Naturalism of second nature and the unity of virtue. The Journal of Value Inquiry, 52(3), 287–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10790-018-9654-9
Engida, M. A., Iyasu, A. S., & Fentie, Y. M. (2024). Impact of teaching quality on student achievement: Student evidence. Frontiers in Education,
Evans, C. S. (2023). Living accountably: Accountability as a virtue. Oxford University Press.
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS, statistics for statistics (5 ed.). Sage publications.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Hacker-Wright, J. (2023). The practical unity of practical wisdom. Topoi, 43(3), 849–856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-023-09999-y
Hatchimonji, D. R., Linsky, A. C., Nayman, S. J., & Elias, M. J. (2020). Spiral model of phronesis development: Social-emotional and character development in low-resourced urban schools. Journal of Moral Education, 49(1), 129–142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2019.1626703
Heilbronn, R. (2025). Kairos and phronesis in teaching well. Journal of Philosophy of Education, qhaf017. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopedu/qhaf017
Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electron J Bus Res Methods 6: 53–60. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7CF7R
Jakubik, M. (2020). Educating for the future – Cultivating practical wisdom in education. Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics, and Informatics, 18(7), 50–54.
Jameel, S. Y. (2025). A critical interpretive literature review of phronesis in medicine. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, 50(2), 117-132.
Javadi, M. (2024). The meaning of Hikmah (wisdom) and its divisions. Ethical Studies, 1(1), 51–72.
Johnsen, M. (2025). Agentic AI. Independently Published.
Kaldjian, L. C., Yoon, J., Ark, T. K., Shinkunas, L., & Jotterand, F. (2023). Practical wisdom in medicine through the eyes of medical students and physicians. Medical Education, 57(12), 1219–1229. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.15108
Kalkbrenner, M. T. (2021). A practical guide to instrument development and score validation in the social sciences: The MEASURE approach. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 26, 1–18.
Kemmis, S. (2012). Phronesis, experience, and the primacy of praxis. In E. A. Kinsella & A. Pitman (Eds.), Phronesis as professional knowledge: Practical wisdom in the professions (pp. 147–161). SensePublishers Rotterdam.
Kristjánsson, K. (2024). Aristotelian practical wisdom (phronesis) as the key to professional ethics in teaching. Topoi, 43(3), 1031–1042. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-023-09974-7
Kristjánsson, K., Fowers, B., Darnell, C., & Pollard, D. (2021). Phronesis (practical wisdom) as a type of contextual integrative thinking. Review of General Psychology, 25(3), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/10892680211023063
Kristjánsson, K., McLoughlin, S., & Thoma, S. (2023). Phronesis: Developing and validating a short measure of practical wisdom. University of Birmingham.
Miller, C. (2021a). Flirting with skepticism about practical wisdom. In M. De Caro & M. S. Vaccarrezza (Eds.), Practical Wisdom (pp. 52–69). Routledge.
Miller, C. (2021b). Honesty. Oxford University Press.
Miller, C. (2023). Three models of practical wisdom. Filosofiska Notiser, 10(1), 189–205.
Odumayak, O. K. P. O. (2023). Ethics in the teaching profession: A virtue ethics approach to teaching ethics. GNOSI: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 6(1), 195–209.
Pantaleon, M. J. (2024). Exploring the motivation and challenges of non-education graduates making a career shift to teaching in Palavilla integrated school. Ignatian International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 2(4), 832–849.
Pipitone, A., Seidita, I., Sullins, J. P., & Chella, A. (2025). Unlocking practical wisdom through the inner voice of robots. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 2634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86193-7
Rego, A., Meyer, M., Júnior, D. R., & Cunha, M. P. E. (2025). Wise leaders fostering employees’ speaking up behaviors: Developing and validating a measure of leader-expressed practical wisdom. Review of Managerial Science, 19(1), 157–195.
Russell, D. C. (2009). Practical intelligence and the virtues. Oxford University Press.
Schei, T. B. (2021). Phronesis in music education. In K. Holdhus, R. Murphy, & M. I. Espeland (Eds.), Music education as craft: Reframing theories and practices (pp. 181–190). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67704-6_14
Schwartz, B., & Sharpe, K. (2010). Practical wisdom: The right way to do the right thing. . Riverhead Books.
Serenko, A. (2024). Practical wisdom in the workplace: Conceptualization, instrument development, and predictive power. Journal of Knowledge Management, 28(9), 2092–2119. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-08-2023-0713
Soomro, B. A., Elhag, G. M., Bhatti, M. K., Abdelwahed, N. A. A., & Shah, N. (2024). Developing environmental performance through sustainable practices, environmental CSR and behavioural intentions: an online approach during the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Responsibility Journal, 20(1), 59–80.
Thwaites, T. (2013). Phronesis as embodied professional knowledge. Philosophy of Education Society, 208–214.
University of Dayton. (2017). Educating for practical wisdom: An ideal and a journey. U. o. Dayton. https://udayton.edu/provost/ilg/_resources/files/2017-practical-wisdom-wg-paper.pdf
Upadhyay, R. (2023). Ethics, integrity, and aptitude in governance. . S. Chand Publishing.
Vazquez-Marin, P., Curle, S., Gil Ortega, M. d. C., Medina-Gual, L., & Sandoval-Hernández, A. (2025). Harnessing virtues for educational success: introducing the Positive Development and Assessment Competencies Theory (PDAC). Frontiers in Education,
Villacís, J. L., de la Fuente, J., & Naval, C. (2021). Good character at college: The combined role of second-order character strength factors and phronesis motivation in undergraduate academic outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), Article 8263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168263
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 31 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 8 |
||