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Taghipour, Mohammad, Dezvareh, Reza, Fallah, Nosrat A.. (1406). Hydrodynamic Influence of Armor-Unit Aspect Ratio and Placement Pattern on Wave Overtopping: A Three-Dimensional CFD Study. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, (), -. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.32531.1126
Mohammad Taghipour; Reza Dezvareh; Nosrat A. Fallah. "Hydrodynamic Influence of Armor-Unit Aspect Ratio and Placement Pattern on Wave Overtopping: A Three-Dimensional CFD Study". پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, , , 1406, -. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.32531.1126
Taghipour, Mohammad, Dezvareh, Reza, Fallah, Nosrat A.. (1406). 'Hydrodynamic Influence of Armor-Unit Aspect Ratio and Placement Pattern on Wave Overtopping: A Three-Dimensional CFD Study', پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.32531.1126
Taghipour, Mohammad, Dezvareh, Reza, Fallah, Nosrat A.. Hydrodynamic Influence of Armor-Unit Aspect Ratio and Placement Pattern on Wave Overtopping: A Three-Dimensional CFD Study. پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی, 1406; (): -. doi: 10.22080/ceas.2026.32531.1126

Hydrodynamic Influence of Armor-Unit Aspect Ratio and Placement Pattern on Wave Overtopping: A Three-Dimensional CFD Study

Civil Engineering and Applied Solutions
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 09 مهر 1406
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/ceas.2026.32531.1126
نویسندگان
Mohammad Taghipour؛ Reza Dezvareh* ؛ Nosrat A. Fallah
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
تاریخ دریافت: 04 مرداد 1405،  تاریخ بازنگری: 24 مرداد 1405،  تاریخ پذیرش: 05 مهر 1405 
چکیده
Wave overtopping is a key hydraulic performance criterion for rubble-mound breakwaters, yet the combined influence of armor-unit geometry and placement remains insufficiently quantified under controlled geometric conditions. This study uses three-dimensional FLOW-3D simulations to compare two equal-volume, equal-nominal-mass concrete armor geometries: a symmetric unit (A1) and an elongated unit (A2). Six breakwater configurations were examined under two seaward slopes and two monochromatic wave heights using a RANS-VOF framework with RNG k-ε turbulence closure and porous core and filter layers. The numerical setup was assessed against published laboratory overtopping data, with the remaining validation uncertainty explicitly acknowledged. Across the tested cases, the symmetric A1 configuration produced the lowest transient peak overtopping, whereas the elongated A2 configurations showed higher peaks, particularly with irregular placement. Changing the seaward slope from 1V:1.5H to 1V:2H reduced peak overtopping by approximately 26-36%. The observed trends are interpreted qualitatively in terms of geometry-dependent void connectivity, flow-path tortuosity, and dissipation within the armor layer, rather than aspect ratio alone. Because the simulations use short-duration monochromatic forcing and limited validation data, the findings are presented as comparative hydraulic trends rather than design-level predictions. Overall, armor geometry, placement, slope, and wave loading should be considered jointly when assessing overtopping performance.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Rubble-mound breakwater؛ Wave overtopping؛ Armor-unit aspect ratio؛ Armor-unit geometry؛ Placement pattern؛ FLOW-3D
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