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بررسی نگرش روستاییان نسبت به تأثیرات اجتماعی- اقتصادی گردشگری دریاچه‌ای (مورد مطالعه: دریاچه‌های استان فارس) | ||
| برنامه ریزی و توسعه گردشگری | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 4، شماره 14، آذر 1394، صفحه 131-153 اصل مقاله (986.81 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی-پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| غریب فاضل‌نیا* 1؛ مهدی معصومی جشنی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 04 بهمن 1393، تاریخ بازنگری: 06 آبان 1394، تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آذر 1394 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| دریاچه ها یکی از جاذبه های با ارزش گردشگری به شمار می‌روند که می توانند زمینه‌ی توسعه‌ی اقتصادی- اجتماعی مناطق روستایی همجوار خود را فراهم نمایند. لذا هدف تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی- اجتماعی گردشگری دریاچه ای بر سکونتگاه های روستایی پیرامون دریاچه ها در استان فارس است. این تحقیق به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی انجام شده است. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق، شامل تمامی روستاهای همجوار دریاچه های استان فارس تا شعاع 2 کیلومتر است، بر این اساس در این پژوهش 46 روستا با 9492 خانوار مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران با سطح اطمینان 95 درصد، تعداد 368 خانوار به عنوان خانوارهای نمونه تعیین گردید. برای تحقق اهداف مورد نظر، ضمن مطالعات اسنادی، طیف گسترده ای از شاخص ها با ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی تعیین و در چارچوب مطالعات میدانی (تکمیل پرسشنامه ها و فرم های مشاهدات میدانی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از روش آماری کندال (Kendall's) در نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش مؤید آن است که بین بعد اقتصادی- اجتماعی و طبقات فاصله روستاها از دریاچه های مورد مطالعه با توجه به مقدار ضریب همبستگی کندال (410/0-) و سطح خطای کمتر از 01/0 درصد، رابطه منفی معناداری وجود دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گردشگری دریاچه‌ای؛ آثار اقتصادی- اجتماعی؛ سکونتگاه‌های روستایی؛ استان فارس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Survey of the Attitude of the Rural People on Socio-Economics Impact of Lake Tourism (Case study: Lakes of Fars Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Gharib Fazelniya1؛ Mahdi Masoumi Jeshni2 | ||
| 1Associate professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Shiraz University | ||
| 2M.s.c Student of Geography and rural Planning, in University of Zabal | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract The fact is that wetlands are among the most unique, beautiful, and wonderful natural phenomenona that possess very exquisite, attractive and mysterious features that can attract lots of tourists. Lakes because of their natural and live landscapes, high-quality environment, and their specific properties are one of the most valuable attractions of tourism; they can indeed bring in socio-economic development to the rural regions. The development of the natural tourism in the rural regions is an essential element that could be raised as one the ways to rescue the villages from poverty, immigration, and socio- economic problems. Therefore the goal of the current article is to assess the socio- economic effects of lake tourism on the surrounding rural settlements in the Fars province- Iran. Based on the descriptive- analytic method of research the statistic population of the research selected as the all villages surrounding the lakes of Fars province to the radius of 2 kilometers. Based on this point of view in this study the number of 46 villages and their 9492 families living in were under study and to gain the mentioned goal the Cochran formula( with 95% level of confidence) and the number of 368 families were used as the sample families. On the next step beside the document studies, a vast range of indices with economic and social dimensions were determined and in the frame of field studies (questionnaire, and forms of field observations) were investigated. Also to data analysis the Kendall's statistic method in the SPSS software were used. The results of the research showed that between the socio- economic dimensions and the level of the distance of the villages from the under study lakes with the regard to the Kendall's correlation coefficient (-0.410) and the level of errors (Introduction The development of the natural tourism in the rural regions is an essential element and a new way to rescue the villages from the poverty, immigration, and socio- economic problems. In the most rural regions, because of the dominant agricultural economics and its damageable nature, the attention to the other developmental activities like tourism as the complementary of this section can have a useful role in the empowering the local people and human resources development, diversification of the economic section and its growths, job creation, solving the problem of unemployment, the improvement of the life standards by social services and bridging the gap between urban and rural areas in different fields, and the decreasing the immigration from rural regions to the metropolises. Materials and Methods The introduction of the studied area The Fars province by the Sheeraz city as the capital with the area of 124280 has covered 8.1 percent or total area of Iran. This province is located between and degrees of east longitude and between degrees of northern latitude. Research Methodology The current investigation as an applied one and used the cross- sectional methods to study the raised parameters. Respecting to the goals of the research that has been the socio- economic effects of the lake tourism on the rural settlements surrounding the Fars province's lakes parallel to the document studies a vast range of the economic and social indices were determined and then were studied in the frame of some field studies( questionnaire and field observation). Also, analyzing the date was done by use of the Kendall's statistical test in the SPSS software. The statistical population was consisting of the all surrounding villages of the lakes of the Fars province in the radius of 2 kilometers. Based on this article 46 villages with 9492 families were investigated. Finally 368 families were determined by use of the Cochran formula (with 95% confidence) as the sample families. Results and Discussion The results showed that among the studied components, the indexes of the increasing devotion to the living location( 4.40), interaction between villagers and tourists( 4.12), village safety( 4.11), new job creation( 4.04), income increasing( 4) were ranked as the highest records. The indices of the conflicts between the villagers and tourists( 1.32) disputes( 1.40) and disorders like addiction among the youths( 1.41) disruptions in the traditional pattern( 1.51) changing in patterns and customs( 1.67) the level of the confidence to the promises of the authorities( 2.7) and the governmental investments( 2.77) and the private investment in the villages( 2.76) were recorded as the lowest levels. Conclusion The study of the socio- economic effects of the lake tourism in the 46 under study villages showed that the villages of the Shahrinjan, Pareeshan, Ayaz Abad surrounding the Pareeshan lake, Hayram, Hirmm, Laqaran, Koorih, Karyan, surrounding the lakes of the Hirmm- Karyan and Hayram, Kinarah, Sharq Abad, Chahar Qalat, surrounding the lake of Tashk, Ameer Abad-e Kaftar surrounding the lake of Kaftar, Dasht-e Arjan surrounding the lake of Arjan, and Maharloo- Kohnih, sourrounding the Maharloo lake were under highest levels of socio- economic affects. Also the final results of the Kendall's correlation test studying the socio- economic effects of lake tourism showed that between the socio- economic dimension and the levels of the distance of the villages from the under study lakes and respecting to the Kendall's correlation coefficient( -0.410) the level of the error( < 0.01) there is a significant negative correlation. Keywords: Lake Tourism, Socio- Economic Effects, Rural Settlements, Fars province. References Abedin Ingelmo, I. (2013). Design and development of a sustainable tourism indicator based on human activities analysis in Inle Lake, Myanmar, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 103: 262- 272. Alaeddinoglu, F. and Seluck Can, A. (2011). Identification and classification of nature-based tourism resources: Western Lake Van basin, Turkey, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 19: 198- 207. Anabestani, A.A., Bouzarjomehri, K. and Sahebkar, N. (2012). Social and economic consequences of second homes tourism development in rural areas (Case study: Shirindareh Dehestan, Quchan County), Journal of Rural Research, 1(1): 97- 123. (in Persian) Bemaniyan, M.R., and Mahmoudi Nejad, H. (2010). Principles of planning and development of rural tourism: Heleh and Tahan. (in Persian) Dadras, H. and Kardevani, P. (2012). 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Capacity study, barriers and constraints in the development of lake tourism, Fars Province, The First International Conference on Tourism Management and Sustainable Development, Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch, Fars, Iran. (in Persian) Garcia Falcon, J.M. and Medina-Munoz, D. (1999). Sustainable tourism development in Islands: A case study of Gran Canaria, Business Strategy and the Environment, Bus, Strat. Env, 8: 336–357. Gasemi, Y and Hataminejad, H. (2012). Research of Orumieh Lake Eecotourism Effects At Sustainable Economic Development in Host Community Case study: city of Orumieh, First National Conference on Tourism and nature of Iran. (in Persian) Hafeznia, M., and Ramezani darabi, E. (2003). A comparative study of spatial reflections tourism policies before and after the Islamic Revolution (Case Study: Babolsar), Geographical Research, Issue 71: 47- 59. (in Persian) Hall, D.R. (2000). Tourism as sustainable development? The all Albanian experience of transition, International Journal of Tourism Research, 2(1): 31- 46. Hall, M. and Harkonen, T. (2006). Lake Tourism an Integrated Approach to Lacustrine Tourism Systems, Channel View Publications, Clevedon, Buffalo, Toronto. http: //www. Channel view publications. Com. Hejazizadeh, Z., Rajaeirizi, M. A. and Hoseini Amini, H. (2013). Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of rural tourism development; a case study: Rural Eco-Museum of Abyaneh-Isfahan, Introducing the Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 2(15): 51-77, (in Persian). Holland, J., Burian, M. and Dixey, L. (2003). Tourism in Poor Rural Areas, Diversifying the Product and Expanding the Benefist in Rural Areas, London: PSA Publications. Kalantari, M. and SHokrallah zadeh, G.H. (2009). Eco-tourism development, environmental protection managers and planners, The first volume of familiarity with the Eco-tourism. (in Persian) Ling-Giang, Z. and Qiao, L. (2003). On Lake-Tourism Development Modles and Tendency in The 21th Century, Economic Geography, Tourism Management School of Management, Department Zhejiang University of Hangzhou, China. Mahalati, S.D. (2001). Introduction to Tourism, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University. (in Persian) Mahdavi, M., Ghadiri Masum, M., and Ghahramani, N. (2008). Effects of tourism on rural development in viewpoint of villagers in Kan and Solughan Valley, Quarterly Journal of Rural Development Studies, 11(2). (in Persian) Motiie Langaroudi S, H., and Rezaiyeh Azadi, M. (2013). Assessment of the economic impact of tourism on the host community perspective Promenade Band Orumieh, Journal of Spatial Economic and Rural Development, 2(4): 75- 91. (in Persian) Moulaei Hashjin, N. and Rajabi klvani, P. (2010). Recognizing the potential of the tourism environment for the development of ecotourism Shaft city, Physical Geography Research, 4(14): 1-12. (in Persian) Nestoroska, I. (2011). Identifying tourism potentials in republic of Mecedonia through regional approach, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 44: 95- 103. Noori Kermani, A., Yari, A. and Givehchi, S. (2008). The typology of specific tourism, Journal of Geographical Science, 3: 103-125. (in Persian) Opp, C. and Bild, C. (2009). Tourism in protected areas: potential or risk? A case study from the World Heritage Area Lake Baikal, The Symposium of the Hohe Tauern National Park for Research in Protected Areas, 243-244. Rasegh Ghezelbash, S. (2009). Rural tourism and the need of special attention to be paid in rural development programs, Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 29(129): 98-109. (in Persian). Rezvani, A.A. (2007). Geography and Tourism Industry, Tehran: Payam-e- Noor Publications. (in Persian) Rezvani, M.R. (2005). Introduction to Rural Development Planning in Iran, Tehran: Qomes Publications. (in Persian) Rui-qiang, J. (2006). On sustainable development of the Qiandao lake tourism via establishing a noted brand of lake leisure tourism, Economic Geography, DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2009.16051, PP: 422-426. Sadre Mousavi, M. and Dakhili kahanmouei, J. (2004). Evaluation of tourist facilities in Azerbaijan through the eyes of tourists, Human Geography Research, 61: 129-143. (in Persian) Samian, M. and Balali, H. (2013). Effects of socio - economic rural tourism with systematic approach (Case study in Farjin village), Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 2(4): 159-180. (in Persian) Seidali, M. and Soleimangoli, R. (2012). Investigation tourism consequences on rural development: The case of chehelchay district in Minoodasht city, Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, 1(3): 69-88. (in Persian) Shastri Ranade, P. (2009). Managing lake tourism: Challenges ahead, Conference on Tourism in India–Challenges Ahead, IIMK: 543- 554. Soteriades, M. (2002). Tourism and Environment in Rural, from www. Fund.Acbe. Tuohino, A. (2002). In search of the spirit of The lake lakes as an opportunity for tourism marketing, Lake Tourism Project, Savonlinna Institute for Regional Development and Research, 1- 12. Valiallahi, J. and Maghsoudi Mehrabani, K. (2011). Look at the ecotourism and environmental capacity of Lake basin Lar, The 4 th Conference & Exhibition on Environmental Engineering. (in Persian) Yaghouby, J. (2012). A survey on some implications of rural tourism for rural regions of Soltaniyeh district, Zanjan province, Journal Village and Development, 15(2): 139-153. (in Persian) Ziya nousin, M., Ramezan Zadeh Lasbouei, M. and Darikvand, M. (2011). The attitudes of the host community ecotourism (Case Study: Alisadr Cave), 2nd Iranian Geography Student Congress, Tehran University. (in Persian) | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Lake Tourism, Socio- Economic Effects, rural settlements, Fars province | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,924 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,374 |
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