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ارزیابی تناسب مکانی برای توسعه اکوتوریسم در منطقه رود بار و قصران و لواسانات با استفاده از روش OWA با کمیت سنج های فازی | ||
| برنامه ریزی و توسعه گردشگری | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 7، شماره 26، آذر 1397، صفحه 68-95 اصل مقاله (1.19 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی-پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/jtpd.2018.2042 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جمیله توکلی نیا1؛ علی اکبر متکان2؛ مظفر صرّافی3؛ فائزه بوربوری* 4 | ||
| 1دانشیاردانشکده علوم زمین،دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| 2استاد مرکز مطالعات سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| 4دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 11 دی 1348، تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1348 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طی چند دهه اخیر اکوتوریسم به عنوان یکی از زیر مجموعه های صنعت گردشگری رشد چشمگیری داشته است و عبارت است از سفری مسئولانه به نواحی طبیعی که به حفظ محیط زیست و پایداری رفاه مردم محلی میانجامد. کشورهای توسعه یافته و در حال توسعه آن را به عنوان ابزاری قدرتمند جهت رشد و توسعه پایدار ترویج می نمایند. کشور ما به دلیل موقعیت جغرافیای خاصی که در سطح جهان دارد، در چهار فصل و در نقاط مختلف، دارای ویژگی های طبیعی است که میتواند برای گردشگران جذاب باشد. توسعه این صنعت در هر منطقه نیازمند شناسایی دقیق قابلیتها و زیرساختهای مرتبط با این حوزه می باشد. بر اساس آنچه بیان گردید، توسعه فعالیتهای اکوتوریسم و انتخاب مناطق مستعد در مطالعات ضرورت می یابد. وجود جاذبه های طبیعی، از راهکارهای مناسب، ابتدا شاخصها و معیارهای تاثیرگذار در توسعه اکوتوریسم، شناسایی و استخراج و در ادامه از روش وزن دهی چند معیارهاAHP جهت مشخص نمودن اهمیت هر یک از پارامترهای تاثیرگذار استفاده گردید. در نهایت برای یافتن نواحی مناسب و نیز تلفیق لایه ها بر اساس سناریوهای گوناگون از روش OWA در GIS استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده از سناریوهای گوناگون نشان از تناسب خوب منطقه در توسعه اکوتوریسم می باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اکوتوریسم پایدار؛ ارزیابی چند معیاره؛ OWA؛ AHP | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Assessment of Spatial Appropriateness for Ecotourism Development in the Region of Rudbar Ghasran and Lavasanat, Using OWA Criteria with Fuzzy Quantizers | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Jamileh Tavakkolinia1؛ Aliakbar Matkan2؛ Mozaffar Sarrafi3؛ Faezeh Borbori4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| 2Professor at the Center for Remote Sensing Studies and GIS, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| 3Associate Professor of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| 4Ph.D. student of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Introduction Over the past few decades, ecotourism as one of the subcategories of the tourism industry has had a remarkable growth. It is evident from a responsible trip to a natural surrounding leading to the preservation of environment and the sustainable welfare of the locals. Developed and developing countries promote it as a strong tool for the growth and sustainable development. Iran can be the center of tourist attractions due to its particular geographical setting and having natural features in all four seasons. The development of this industry needs an exact identification of capabilities and infrastructure in each region. One of the fundamental stages of this process is the location of tourist-ready zones, especially ecotourism by applying modern technology. The selection of correct place not only saves time, expenses and resources but provides the maximum investment efficiency. As such, the expansion of ecotourism activities and the selection of ready zones necessitate more studies. Iran’s Rudbar, Ghasran and Lavasanat region, surrounded by the Alborz mountain range, is a beautiful landscape with a pleasant climate. Abundant natural attractions of the region, equally with suitable tourism infrastructure as well as using existing capabilities, can help achieve the sustainable development of the tourism industry. Materials and methods In the current research, in order to identify the ecotourism potential of the region and present suitable ways, first effective criteria and indices were identified and extracted for developing ecotourism and then a multi-criteria evaluation AHP method was used to distinguish the importance of each of the effective parameters. Thereafter, data such as visibility, height, slope, distance from roads, landuse, distance to natural attractions, fault line, distance to educational centers and religious attractions as well as archeological sites were applied. Finally, the OWA method in GIS was used to identify a suitable region and combine layers based on various scenarios. Discussion and Result Through this method, seven scenarios including extreme pessimistic, very pessimistic, pessimistic, optimistic, very optimistic, extreme optimistic and natural were studied in relation to the potential to develop ecotourism. The acquired results are based on the normalized data with the interval of 0 to 1 as classified below: Very Low Proportion Low Proportion High Proportion Suitable Proportion 0-0.25 0.25-0.5 0.5-0.75 0.75-1 The results acquired from the above data through the OWA method will be presented later. The extreme pessimistic scenario was observed in 1022.8 sq. km of the proposed region with low proportion and 74.4 sq. km area with very low proportion. In the pessimistic scenario, a large part of Greater Lavasanat had very low proportion while another large part with low proportion. Based on extreme optimistic scenario, 1090.5 sq. km of the area were the most suitable and 6.75 sq. km with high proportion. In this scenario, the central core of Rudbar Ghasran and Lavasanat is located on a very suitable flank where conditions do not coincide with spatial and environmental realities. Based on natural scenario, 741.8 sq. km of the proposed study were related to an area with high proportion and 355.4 sq. km with low proportion. The central core, due to the location of two urban points of Lavasan and Feshm as well as their service and social facilities allocate the most area with high proportion. Conclusion Results from various scenarios indicate high proportion of the region for ecotourism development. The use of the OWA method gives managers and planners possibilities to study different scenarios in one region. The proposed model and the acquired results can be used by managers and planners as a decision-making backup structure in this domain and the extraction of suitable strategy toward ecotourism development. Keywords: sustainable ecotourism; multi-criteria evaluation; AHP; GIS; OWA. References Alaeddinoglu, F., & Can, A. S. (2011). Identification and classification of nature-based tourismresources: Western Lake Van basin, Turkey, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 19 (2011): 198-207. Bali, A., Monavari, S., Riazi, B., Khorasani, N., ZARKESH, M., & KHEIRKHAH, M. (2015). A spatial decision support system for ecotourism development in Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests ecoregion. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas, 21(2): 340-353. Chen, J., & Zhu, Q. (2010). Uncertainty and decision strategy analysis of GIS-based ordered weighted averaging method. Paper presented at 2010 International Conference on Information, Networking and Automation (ICINA), Kunming, China 18-19 Oct. 2010. Dashti, S., Monavari, S. M., Hosseini, S. M., Riazi, B., & Momeni, M. (2013). Application of GIS, AHP, Fuzzy and WLC in island ecotourism development (Case study of Qeshm Island, Iran), Life Science Journal, 10(1): 1274-1282. Delavar, B., Oladi, J., & Manoochehri, M. (2010). Evaluating the Ecotourism Potentials of Naharkhoran Area in Gorgan. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, 38(8): 591-596. Dhami, I., Deng, J., Burns, R. C., & Pierskalla, C. (2014). Identifying and mapping forest-based ecotourism areas in West Virginia–Incorporating visitors' preferences, Tourism Management, 42(2014): 165-176. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| sustainable ecotourism, multi-criteria evaluation, AHP, GIS, OWA | ||
| مراجع | ||
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