آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 28 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 426 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,164 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 6,739,385 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 4,988,823 |
بررسی و تحلیل گونه شناسی سفال‌های محوطه اَنداجین دشت همدان در ادوار سلجوقی و ایلخانی | ||
| مطالعات باستان شناسی دوران اسلامی Journal of Islamic Archaeology studies | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 2، شماره 3، شهریور 1402، صفحه 95-116 اصل مقاله (1.42 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/jiar.2021.22290.1010 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم محمدی* 1؛ مصطفی رضائی2 | ||
| 1گروه باستان شناسی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا | ||
| 2دانشجوی باستان شناسی دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 22 شهریور 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 25 آبان 1400 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از جنبه‌های اصلی در شناخت فرهنگ‌های گذشته، مطالعه و تحلیل آثار سفالی محوطه‌های باستانی است. از این رو بررسی دقیق این دسته از آثار نقش مهمی در روشن شدن وضعیت اجتماعی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی مکان‌ها داشته است. محوطه اَنداجین یکی از شاخص‌ترین محوطه‌های اسلامی دشت همدان ـ بهار است که اوج شکوفایی و رونق آن با توجه به شواهد برجای مانده متعلق به دوره سلجوقی و ایلخانی است. با توجه به تأثیرپذیری فرهنگ‌های سفالگری همدان و به‌تبع آن محوطه اَنداجین از مناطق بزرگ تولید سفالینه‌های اسلامی، در این پژوهش سعی شده است به پرسش‌هایی از قبیل: مهم‌ترین گونه‌های سفالگری محوطه اسلامی اَنداجین در ادوار سلجوقی و ایلخانی کدام اند؟ و کدام گونه سفالی این محوطه از ویژگی‌های بومی و محلی برخوردار است؟ پاسخ داده شود. هدف اصلی این نگارش شناسایی انواع گونه‌های سفالی محوطه مورد مطالعه است که این فرآیند از طریق مطالعه داده‌های باستان‌شناختی حاصل از بررسی‌های نوین صورت گرفته است. در انجام پژوهش حاضر، روش تحقیق توصیفی ـ تحلیلی و گردآوری اطلاعات به صورت اسنادی و تطبیق میدانی یافته‌های این حوزه با سایر مناطق صورت گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که بیش از 10 گونه سفالی شاخص قرن پنجم تا هشتم هجری از آن شناسایی شده که شامل انواع سفال‌های بدون لعاب و لعاب‌دار مشابه مراکز سفالگری غرب ایران است که هر یک به زیرمجموعه‌های ساده و منقوش و چندرنگ زیر و رو لعاب تقسیم می‌شوند. در این بین، نمونه‌هایی همچون ظروف با تزئین چندرنگ بر روی گلابه سفید احتمالاً از ویژگی‌های محلی برخوردارند | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| محوطه اَنداجین؛ دشت همدان؛ گونه شناسی؛ سفال؛ سلجوقی و ایلخانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Survey and Typological analysis of pottery in the Andajin site of The Hamedan plain in Seljuk and Ilkhanid periods | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| maryam mohammadi1؛ mostafa rezaei2 | ||
| 1bualisina | ||
| 2bualisna | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Survey and Typological analysis of pottery in the Andajin site of The Hamedan plain in Seljuk and Ilkhanid periods Introduction: Hamedan is located in the western region of Iran, near the Central Zagros. The Central Zagros region has long been a region on the natural route from Baghdad to Hamedan, with a strategic position. This region connected the central and eastern plateau of Iran with the west and Mesopotamia. The existence of main routes, such as the Greater Khorasan Highway has caused this region to be affected by the changes and developments of different cultures of population centers. One of these developments can be seen in the creation of various styles of pottery in the Islamic period. Andajin site is located 9 km north of Hamedan city, in the east of Bahar city. In terms of topography and geological features, this area is located in the alluvial, eastern and northern parts of the Alvand mountain valley habitat and in the middle of the vast and fertile plain of Qoroq. According to historical texts and archaeological evidence, Andajin site is one of the leading cultural centers of the Islamic period, the peak of its prosperity is related to the seventh and eighth centuries AH. This place has been considered as a town. Existence of abundant water resources and alluvial and fertile soil in the region has played a significant role in the formation and prosperity of this Islamic site. Surface studies on the pottery of the Islamic period of Andajin site show that in this region, various known pottery styles have been prevalent in different regions of Iran. Based on the data obtained from the study of this area, it seems that except for the first few centuries, which requires archaeological excavations, no information is available about the pottery culture of this period. In other words, the lack of detailed studies on the pottery of early Islam, as well as the technical and artistic similarity of this group of works with late examples of the historical period, has made it difficult to study it carefully. Here, the main information according to the abundance of data is related to the fifth to the eighth century AH, which includes simple unglazed and glazed pottery, including molded, engraved, augmented pottery, Esgrafiato, Sultanabad style pottery, black pen under turquoise glaze, Multicolored designs on white glaze, Silhouette and blue and white of the patriarchal period. The Survey and analysis of various types of pottery index during the fifth to eighth centuries AH and also the identification of local samples is one of the objectives of this Research. The most important questions that need to be answered in the research process are: 1- In terms of construction style and decoration, the effects of which areas can be seen in the pottery of Andajin site? 2- What are the most important types of pottery in Andajin Islamic site in Seljuk and Ilkhanid periods? And which type of pottery has native characteristics? Materials & Method: In the present article, the data are collected by documentary and field methods and the research approach is "descriptive-analytical". In the documentary method, information related to previous archaeological research, natural geography of the region and comparative studies of pottery for chronology were collected. In documenting the site, a systematic archaeological survey (regular networking method) has been done with a new approach and using application software such as GPS, Google Earth, Map Source. Then, the pottery pieces were studied by "sampling" method as "simple random" and based on "qualitative characteristics". Finally, after the archaeological survey of the site, the pottery of the Islamic period of Andajin area was classified and in order to chronologically compare them, the pottery studies of other sites of the Islamic period were also considered. Archaeological studies by faculty members of Bu Ali Sina University in the region during the years 2006 to 2012 have referred to the pottery data of the Islamic period of this region and its flagship hills, including Qoroq (Mohammadifar and Motarjem, 2006; Translator and Belmaki, 2009; Nazari Arshad, 2012). "Survey and analysis of the typology of pottery from the beginning of the Islamic period to the end of the Safavid period in Hamadan"; (Zarei and Shabani, 2019) is another research that has studied the totality of Islamic pottery in Hamedan province, including the Qoroq site, which has been obtained through excavations and studies. Results: During the Islamic period, Andajin area has been of special importance for being located in the alluvial part of the Alvand mountain valley habitat with its favorable geographical location and biological potentials, as well as its location on the east-west communication road such as Greater Khorasan Road. According to the study of architectural and pottery works left from this area and the abundance obtained from them - as one of the cultural centers with valuable archaeological data - the peak of its splendor belongs to the seventh and eighth centuries AH. Considering that no evidence of pottery kilns and other evidence of pottery production has been found in and around this area; Probably came from workshops in other areas. Due to the great variety of pottery species in terms of shape, it mostly includes a variety of bowls and plates. In terms of technique and decoration, it includes index species without glaze with carved, added and molded patterns, and glazed species such as plain and patterned monochromatic glazed utensils (monochromatic utensils with molded, embossed and added embossed patterns), black pen, Sultanabad type pottery, Blue-white, shadows, pottery engraved on the rose, azure glazed dishes on their gold and pottery pieces with multicolored patterns on the white rose. Conclusion: According to the results, Similar to the studied samples based on shape, construction technique, payment and design in other pottery centers inside and outside the regions of the fifth to eighth centuries AH, especially the neighboring areas that are on the communication and commercial routes of Hamedan in the eastern direction (Zolfabad, Aveh Saveh , Tahiq, Rey), western (Qorveh, Kangavar and Biston), northern (Soltanieh, Aq Kand and Takht-e Soleiman) and southern (Nahavand and Boroujerd) have been identified and studied, which have not been unrelated to the pottery art of the studied geographical area. Among the prominent and widely used motifs with the same artistic features in the pottery art of this area with neighboring areas, we can mention the circular motifs of circles and fish on the surface of Sultanabad pottery edges and parallel cobalt blue stripes in blue-white pottery. This similarity indicates the construction of pottery species in specific centers and its export to other areas, including this area, and probably indicates the extensive cultural relations of population centers in the study period. It seems that in the Seljuk and Ilkhanid periods, trade and pilgrimage routes that entered the plain of Hamedan from the east, central plateau, west and northwest were the main factors influencing the pottery art of this region from neighboring areas. In the meantime, the multicolored species on white rose similar to enamel dishes with a relatively high frequency - with low quality of construction and payment - is one of the local dishes in the western regions of Iran in the seventh and eighth centuries AH. This group of pottery, according to the samples obtained from the Iranian plateau, has been obtained only in a small number of western areas of Iran with a large volume and similar construction and polishing techniques. Reference Amir Hajlou, Saeed; Sedighiyan, Hossein, 2020, "Archaeological study of pottery of the Islamic period in the area of Qala-e-Sang; The Old City of Sirjan ", Archaeological Research of Iran, No. 25, Volume 10, Summer, pp. 185-155. w., 1929, Historical Geography of Iran, translated by Hamzeh Sardadour, Tehran: Union. Chubak, Hamideh, 2012, "Pottery of the Islamic period of the ancient city of Jiroft" Archaeological Studies, Volume 4, Number 1, pp: 83-112. Dejm Khoy, Maryam, 2007, "A brief look at the molded pottery of the Seljuk era", Archeology, Year 9, No. 15, pp. 31-27. Fehervari, G., 1973, Islamic pottery: A comprehensive study based on the Barlow collection. London: Faber and Faber limited. Fehervari, G., 2000, Ceramics of the Islamic World in the Tareq Rajab Museum. London: I.B. Tauris publisher. Fahravari, Gaza, 2009, Pottery of the Islamic World in the Tariq Rajab Museum in Kuwait, translated by Mahnaz Shayestehfar, Tehran: Institute of Islamic Art Studies. Grube, E. J., 1976, Islamic pottery of the Eight to the Fifteenth Century in the Keir Collection, London, Faber. Grube, Ernest. J., 2005, Islamic pottery, translated by Farnaz Hairi, Tehran: Karang. Grosin, Hadi, 2004, Historical Geography and Habitats of Alvand Valley, Hamedan: Andisheh City. Grosin, Hadi, 2005, Zarawmand - Ancient Lake of Hamedan, Hamedan: Sepehr Danesh. Goodarzi, Mohammad Mehdi, 2016, "Classification and typology of pottery in the area of Boroujerd Grand Mosque", Master Thesis in Archeology, Bu Ali Sina University (unpublished). Haddon, R.A.W., 2011, Fourteenth century fine glazed wares produced in the Iranian world, and comparisons with contemporary ones fromthe Golden Horde and Mamlūk Syria/Egypt, Ph.D. Thesis. SOAS, University of London. Hemmati Azandariani, Ismail; Khaksar, Ali; Shabani, Mohammad, 2017, "Study and analysis of pottery of the Islamic period of Saman Malayer underground architecture collection", Archaeological Research of Iran, No. 13, Seventh Volume, Summer, pp. 206-189. Jackson, Williams, 2008, Jackson Travelogue (Iran in the Past and Present), translated by Manouchehr Amiri and Fereydoun Badrahai, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural. Kambakhsh Fard, Saifullah, 1967, "Pottery of Neishabour in the Seljuk era", Journal of Historical Studies, second year, pp. 339-360. Kiani, Mohammad Yousef and Fatemeh Karimi, 2006, The Art of Pottery in the Islamic Period of Iran, Tehran: Archaeological Center of Iran. Kleiss, Wolfram; Kalmeyer, Peter, 2006, Biston: Explorations and Research from 1967-1963, translated by Faramarz Najd Samiei, Tehran: Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization. Mahjoor, Firooz; Sedighiyan, Hossein, 2009, "Archaeological study of Islamic pottery in Meshkin Tappeh site of Markazi province", Archaeological Message, No. 12, pp. 105-120. Mahjoor, Firooz; Ebrahimi Nia; Mohammed; Sedighiyan, Hossein, 2011, "Archaeological study of pottery of the Islamic period of the Nechir Khanlugh Rey archaeological site", Archaeological Studies, Volume 3, Number 2, Serial Number 4, Autumn and Winter, pp. 192-173. Mohammadi, Maryam; Shabani, Mohammad, 2016, "Introduction and analysis of pottery of the Islamic period in the area of Zinoabad-Bahar, Hamedan", Archaeological Research, No. 11, sixth period, autumn and winter, pp. 150-135 Mohammadi, Maryam; Rezaei, Mostafa, 2020, "Historical and Archaeological Study of the Andajin Islamic Site of Hamadan", Archaeological Studies, Volume 12, Number 1, Spring, pp. 159-140. Mohammadifar, Yaqub; Motarjem, Abbas, 2006, "Report of the first chapter of the study and identification of archeology in the central part of Hamadan", Cultural Heritage Organization of Hamadan Province (unpublished). Mortezaei, Mohammad, 2004, "Preliminary Report of the First Chapter of Archaeological Excavations in Jorjan Site", Archaeological Reports 3, Tehran: Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization, pp. 188-155. Motarjem, Abbas; Belmaki, Behzad, 2009, Preliminary Report on Archaeological Survey and Identification of Bahar County, Hamadan: Cultural Heritage Organization of Hamadan Province (unpublished). Mousavi Haji; Rasol; Khudadoost, Javad; Taqwi, Abed; Pourali Yari Goki, Shahin, 2017, "Analytical study of pottery in Malin area; Bakharz city (Khorasan Razavi)'', Archaeological Research of Iran, No. 13, Seventh Volume, Summer, pp. 172-157. Naumann, R. & Naumann, E., 1976, Takht-I Suleiman. Nazari Arshad, Reza, 2012, "Supplementary Archaeological Survey and Identification Report of Hamedan and Tuyserkan Countries", Cultural Heritage Organization of Hamedan Province (unpublished). Nemati, Mohammad Reza; Sedighiyan, Hossein; Ebrahiminia, Mohammad, 2012, "Study of Islamic pottery in Zolfabad site of Farahan, Markazi province (Chapter 1)"; Archeology of Iran, No. 3, Fall 2012, pp. 138-125. Nemati, Mohammad Reza; Sharahi, Ismail; Sadraei, Ali, 2020, "Research in molded pottery of Zolfabad site of Farahan", Archaeological Research of Iran, No. 26, Volume 10, Autumn, pp. 140-119. Neyestani, J.; Hatamian, M. J. & Sedighian, H., 2012, Does Sultān Abād Pottery Really Produced in Sultān Abād?, Intl. J. Humanities , 19 (3): 95-109. Rahmani, Esmaeil, 2015, Speculation Report on Determining the Area and Privacy of the Historic Site of qale Joq Famenin, Hamadan: Cultural Heritage Organization of Hamadan Province, (unpublished). Salehi Kakhki, Ahmad; Sedighiyan, Hossein; Montazer Zohori, Majid, 2013, "Study of the trend of blue and white production in Iran during different Islamic periods", Art Research, third year, fifth issue, pp. 1-13. Schnyder, R., 1972, “Saljuk Pottery in Iran”. In: The International Congress of Iranian Art & Archaeology. 189-197. Shabani, Mohammad, 2015, Archaeological study and analysis of settlements in the central part of Hamadan from the beginning of the Islamic period to the end of the Safavid period (Master's thesis), Hamadan: Bu Ali Sina University (unpublished). Shateri, Mitra; Laleh Hayedeh; Chubak, Hamideh, 2019, "Review in the classification and history of pottery engraved in rose (Esgrafiato) in Iran in the Islamic period", Archaeological Research of Iran, No. 21, Ninth Volume, Summer 1398, pp. 173-188. Sharahi, Ismail; Sedighiyan Hossein, 2019, "Archaeological study of medieval Islamic pottery in the underground handicraft of Tahiq Khomeini", Parseh Archaeological Studies, No. 8, Year 3, Summer, pp. 158-141. Treptow, T., 2007, Daily life ornamented the mediaeval Persian city of Reyy, Chicago: The oriental institute museum of the University of Chicago. Tohidi, Faeq, 2008, The Art of Pottery, Tehran: Samat. Watson, O., 2004, Ceramics from Islamic Lands. Thames & Hudson Ltd, London. Whithcomb, D. S., 1973, Before the Roses and Nightingales Excavations at Quasr i Abu Nasr Old Shiraz. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Wilkinson, C. U., 1973, Nishabur: Pottery of the Early Isiamic Period. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Wilson Allen, James, 2004, Islamic Pottery in the Middle East, Islamic Pottery, Collection of Islamic Art Works 8, translated by Mahnaz Shayestehfar, Tehran: Islamic Art Studies. Wilson Allen, James, 2008, Pottery in the Middle East from the Beginning to the Ilkhanid era at the Ashmoulin Museum in Oxford, translated by Mahnaz Shayestehfar, Tehran: Islamic Art Studies. Zarei, Mohammad Ibrahim, 2011, "Physical-spatial structure of Hamadan from the beginning of the Islamic period to the end of the Qajar period based on available evidence", Letter of Archeology, No. 1, first period, pp. 82-57. Zarei, Mohammad Ibrahim; Khaksar, Ali; Translator, Abbas; Amini, Farhad; And Dini, Azam, 2014, " Survey and study of pottery of the patriarchal period obtained from arzanfood archaeological excavations", Archaeological Studies, Volume 6, Number 2, Autumn and Winter, pp. 73-90. Zarei, Mohammad Ibrahim; Rezaei, Mostafa, 2018, "Economic Geography of Hamadan-Bahar Plain in the Islamic Period (from the 3rd Century AH to the Late Qajar Period) Based on Written Historical and Geographical Documents", Journal of Social and Economic History, Year 7, No. 2, pp. 71-45. Zarei, Mohammad Ibrahim; Shabani, Mohammad, 2019, "Study and analysis of the typology of pottery from the beginning of the Islamic period to the end of the Safavid period in Hamadan region" Parseh Archaeological Studies, Third Year, No. 8, pp. 109-126. Zarei, Mohammad Ibrahim, 2020, "Study and analysis of the historical life of Dargazin city in the Islamic era (based on historical documents and archaeological excavations)", Archaeological Research of Iran, Volume 10, Number 25, pp. 206-181. https://www.vam.ac.uk | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Andajin site, Hamedan plain, typology, pottery, Seljuks and Ilkhanids | ||
|
سایر فایل های مرتبط با مقاله
|
||
| مراجع | ||
|
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 529 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 380 |
||
