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تأثیر فرم شهری بر وقوع جرائم سرقت در کلان‌شهر مشهد | ||
| مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 34، فروردین 1402، صفحه 217-242 اصل مقاله (1.35 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقالات مستقل پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22080/usfs.2023.23982.2284 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی بازرگان1؛ محمد رحیم رهنما* 2؛ محمد اجزاء شکوهی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 2استاد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 29 تیر 1401، تاریخ بازنگری: 02 آبان 1401، تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اسفند 1401 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رفتار انسان در فضا و مکان‌های متفاوت با شکل و فرم خاص و نیز با عملکرد نهفته در آن، متفاوت بوده و در بسیاری موارد فضا محرک انسان در بروز رفتار مجرمانه است. به همین منظور مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر فرم شهری بر وقوع جرائم سرقت در کلان‌شهر مشهد انجام گرفته است. شیوه‌ی پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی و مبتنی بر مدل‌های تحلیل فضایی همچون ماتریس فضایی، پیکره‌بندی فضایی و خودهمبستگی فضایی است. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل جرائم سرقت شهر مشهد در بازه‌ی زمانی 1400-1390 است. متغیرهای پژوهش شامل جرائم سرقت، بافت شهر، کاربری اراضی، شبکه‌ی معابر و فرم شهر است. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای ArcGIS، Geoda و Depth map بهره گرفته شد. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که میزان وقوع جرائم سرقت در بافت‌های ستاره‌ای به دلیل پیوند اجزای خیابانها با یکدیگر از طریق سیستم شبکه‌ی معابر مرکزی و نیز یک‌طرفه بودن برخی معابر در محلات بخش مرکزی شهر مشهد نسبت به بافت‌های ارگانیک و شطرنجی کمتر است. بین وقوع جرائم سرقت با شاخص پیکره‌بندی فضایی یک ارتباط مثبت برقرار است، به‌طوریکه با افزایش سطح هم‌پیوندی معابر وقوع جرائم سرقت کاهش یافته و جداافتادگی فضاها و عدم‌ادغام و یکپارچگی فضایی درون بافت محلی موجب افزایش سرقت‌ها در محلات شمالی و شرقی مشهد شده است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش سطح اختلاط کاربری‌ها در محلات، وقوع جرائم سرقت کاهش می‌یابد اما در محلات پیرامون حرم مطهر رضوی با وجود اختلاط کاربری‌ها جرائم سرقت بالا است که دلیل اصلی آن تراکم و شلوغی جمعیت است که شرایط مساعدی را برای گریز سارقان فراهم نموده است. در نهایت یافته‌ها نشان داد که وقوع سرقت‌ها در الگوی فرم پراکنده به‌سبب وجود منازل مسکونی ویلایی، کاربری‌های تک‌عملکردی و وجود فضاهای باز و بی‌دفاع شهری نسبت به الگوی فرم فشرده بیشتر است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فرم شهری؛ بافت شهر؛ جرائم سرقت؛ شهر مشهد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of urban form on the occurrence of theft crimes in Mashhad metropolis | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahdi Bazargan1؛ Mohammad Rahim Rahnama2؛ Mohammad Ajza Shokouhi3 | ||
| 1PhD student of geography and urban planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The effect of the city’s form on the emergence of crime anomie is logically discussed in the sense that the form and the social order of the city, cannot be separated. Rather, they develop in parallel and mutually inspire each other. For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of urban form on the occurrence of theft crimes in Mashhad. The research method is descriptive-analytical and it is done based on spatial analysis models. The statistical population includes theft crimes in Mashhad in the period of years 1390-1400. In order to analyze the data, ArcGIS, Geoda and Depth map software were used. The results of the research indicate that 58.9 percent of theft crimes have occurred in fine-grained textures. In fact, the regions with the area of 51-75 square meters have the highest amount of theft crimes. Investigating the effect of texture classification on theft crimes showed that 60.43 percent of the thefts occurred in peripheral textures (marginal areas of Mashhad, districts 4, 5, 7, 15, 16 and parts of district 13). Also, 19.2 percent of theft crimes occurred in checkered areas (western neighborhoods of Mashhad), 14.6 percent in star areas (the central part of the city and around the holy shrine of Razavi), and 5.7 percent of theft crimes were also committed in middle areas (Region 1 and parts of Region 2). The results of the research indicate that the more land is used, the less amount of theft crimes will occur, so that only 22% of theft crimes occurred in areas with high land-use mix. Investigating the correlation between macro interconnection and theft crimes in Mashhad, showed a positive and significant relationship (correlation coefficient equal to 0.878) between them, which indicates that increasing the interconnection and permeability of the road network, causes the amount of theft crimes to increase. Finally, investigating the effect of urban form on the occurrence of theft crimes, showed that the scattered form pattern with 56.76 percent has a greater effect on theft crimes than the compact form pattern. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Urban Form, City Texture, Theft Crimes, Mashhad | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 103 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 146 |
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