مهارت‌‌های ویژه در نقاط دلخواه بازیکنان نخبه: مدل موازنه و چالش در اصول تغییرپذیری نیرو

##Adams, J. A. (1971). A closed ـ loop theory of motor learning. Journal of Motor Behavior, 3, 111ـ 149. ## Bernstein, N. A. (1947). On the structure of movements. Moscow: State Medical Publishing House.## Breslin, G. , Hodges, N, J. , Kennedy, R. , Hanlon, M. , & Williams, A. M. (2010). An especial             skill: Support for a learned parameters hypothesis.  Acta Psychologica, 134, 55ـ 60. ## Breslin, G. , Schmidt, R. , Lee, T. (2012). Especial Skills: Generality and specificity in motor learning, In Williams, A, M. , & Hodges, N, J. (2012) Skill Acquisition in Sport, Research Theory and Practice (2nd Edition) , Routledge, London. ## Keetch, K. M, Schmidt, R. A. , Lee, T. D. , & Young, D. E. (2005). Especial skills: Their emergence with massive amounts of practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 970 ـ 978. ## Keetch, K. M. , Lee, T. D. , & Schmidt, R. A. (2008) Especial skills: Specificity embedded within generality. Journal of Exercise and Sport Psychology, 30, 723ـ 736. ## Nabavi Nik. M, Taheri. H. R, Moghaddam. A, (2011). Massive amount of practice and special memory representations, special motor program hypothesis, Iranian Journal of Health and physical Activity, 2 (1) , 25ـ 33## Nabavi Nik. M, Breslin. G, Moghaddam. A, Taheri. H. R, Nabavi Nik. H, (in press). Especial skills in expert dart players: Balance Model and New Suggestions, Human Movement Science. ## Schmidt, R. A. (1975). A schema theory of discrete motor skill learning. Psychological Review, 82,225ـ 260. ## Schmidt, R. A. (2003). Motor schema theory after 27 years: Reflections and implications for a new theory. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 74, 366ـ 375. ## Schmidt, R. A. , Zelaznik, H. N. , Hawkins, B. , Frank, J. S. , & Quinn, J. T. (1979). Motor ـ output variability: A theory for the accuracy of rapid motor acts. Psychological Review, 86, 415ـ 451. ## Schoener, G. , & Kelso, J. (1988) Dynamic pattern generation in behavioral and neural systems. Science, 39, 1513ـ 1520. ## Simons, J. P. , Wilson, J. , Wilson, G. , & Theall, S. (2009). Challenges to cognitive bases for an especial motor skill at the regulation baseball pitching distance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 11, 469ـ 479. ##

##Adams, J. A. (1971). A closed ـ loop theory of motor learning. Journal of Motor Behavior, 3, 111ـ 149. ## Bernstein, N. A. (1947). On the structure of movements. Moscow: State Medical Publishing House.## Breslin, G. , Hodges, N, J. , Kennedy, R. , Hanlon, M. , & Williams, A. M. (2010). An especial             skill: Support for a learned parameters hypothesis.  Acta Psychologica, 134, 55ـ 60. ## Breslin, G. , Schmidt, R. , Lee, T. (2012). Especial Skills: Generality and specificity in motor learning, In Williams, A, M. , & Hodges, N, J. (2012) Skill Acquisition in Sport, Research Theory and Practice (2nd Edition) , Routledge, London. ## Keetch, K. M, Schmidt, R. A. , Lee, T. D. , & Young, D. E. (2005). Especial skills: Their emergence with massive amounts of practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 970 ـ 978. ## Keetch, K. M. , Lee, T. D. , & Schmidt, R. A. (2008) Especial skills: Specificity embedded within generality. Journal of Exercise and Sport Psychology, 30, 723ـ 736. ## Nabavi Nik. M, Taheri. H. R, Moghaddam. A, (2011). Massive amount of practice and special memory representations, special motor program hypothesis, Iranian Journal of Health and physical Activity, 2 (1) , 25ـ 33## Nabavi Nik. M, Breslin. G, Moghaddam. A, Taheri. H. R, Nabavi Nik. H, (in press). Especial skills in expert dart players: Balance Model and New Suggestions, Human Movement Science. ## Schmidt, R. A. (1975). A schema theory of discrete motor skill learning. Psychological Review, 82, 225ـ 260. ## Schmidt, R. A. (2003). Motor schema theory after 27 years: Reflections and implications for a new theory. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 74, 366ـ 375. ## Schmidt, R. A. , Zelaznik, H. N. , Hawkins, B. , Frank, J. S. , & Quinn, J. T. (1979). Motor ـ output variability: A theory for the accuracy of rapid motor acts. Psychological Review, 86, 415ـ 451. ## Schoener, G. , & Kelso, J. (1988) Dynamic pattern generation in behavioral and neural systems. Science, 39, 1513ـ 1520. ## Simons, J. P. , Wilson, J. , Wilson, G. , & Theall, S. (2009). Challenges to cognitive bases for an especial motor skill at the regulation baseball pitching distance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 11, 469ـ 479. ##